LITERATUR REVIEW : TERAPI TOPIKAL TERBARU DALAM PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS KAKI DIABETIK PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v10i1.56941Keywords:
pengobatan baru, penyembuhan luka, tatalaksana, terapi baru, terapi terkini, topikal, ulkus kaki diabetikAbstract
Ulkus kaki diabetik (DFU) merupakan komplikasi serius diabetes melitus yang sering berujung pada infeksi kronis, keterlambatan penyembuhan luka, hingga amputasi meskipun telah diberikan perawatan standar. Tujuan tinjauan ini adalah merangkum bukti terkini mengenai berbagai terapi topikal terbaru untuk DFU, termasuk mekanisme kerja serta potensi aplikasinya dalam praktik klinis. Metode yang digunakan berupa literature review dari basis data PubMed dalam rentang tahun 2021–2025 dengan kata kunci terkait ulkus kaki diabetik, terapi topikal baru, penyembuhan luka, dan tatalaksana. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai agen topikal inovatif memberikan efek yang menjanjikan. Kombinasi A-PRF dengan asam hialuronat (A-PRF+HA) terbukti meningkatkan angiogenesis dan regenerasi jaringan. ON101 bekerja dengan memodulasi respons imun melalui perubahan makrofag dari fenotip M1 pro-inflamasi menjadi M2 pro-penyembuhan. Gel Plantago major 10% serta terapi oksigen topikal efektif dalam mengurangi luas luka. Esmolol menunjukkan peningkatan mikrosirkulasi lokal, sementara pravibismane berperan dalam mengatasi biofilm yang menghambat penyembuhan. Selain itu, terapi berbasis sel dan eksosom memberikan hasil signifikan pada DFU refrakter. Kesimpulannya, terapi topikal terbaru berpotensi sebagai adjuvan penting dalam perawatan standar DFU dan dapat membantu menurunkan angka amputasi bila diterapkan secara bertahap sesuai tingkat layanan kesehatanReferences
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