ANALISIS GEOSPASIAL HUBUNGAN INDUSTRI, KEPADATAN PENDUDUK DAN IMT DENGAN RISIKO NEOPLASMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.52986Keywords:
Neoplasma, Manufaktur, Kepadatan Penduduk, IMT, Faktor RisikoAbstract
Neoplasma didefinisikan sebagai pertumbuhan sel abnormal yang dapat berkembang menjadi tumor jinak maupun ganas, merupakan beban besar bagi kesehatan masyarakat karena insidensinya yang terus meningkat serta kontribusinya yang signifikan terhadap morbiditas dan mortalitas. Di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, peningkatan jumlah kasus neoplasma mengindikasikan adanya kemungkinan pengaruh dari determinan lingkungan dan individual, khususnya keberadaan industri manufaktur, kepadatan penduduk, dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara ketiga faktor tersebut dengan kejadian neoplasma menggunakan desain cross-sectional berdasarkan data SIMPUS 2024 dari Puskesmas Grogol. Sebanyak 2.384 responden dianalisis, dan 25,6% di antaranya didiagnosis dengan neoplasma. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa wilayah dengan <11 industri di sekitarnya memiliki proporsi neoplasma yang sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan wilayah dengan ≥11 industri (p=0.001; OR=0.72), meskipun efeknya tidak bermakna secara klinis. Kepadatan penduduk yang lebih tinggi (>5.999/km²) berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko neoplasma pada analisis bivariat (OR=1.31; p=0.016), namun hubungan tersebut menjadi tidak signifikan setelah penyesuaian (AOR=1.16; p=0.204). IMT overweight muncul sebagai faktor risiko yang paling konsisten (AOR=1.72; p<0.001). Model regresi logistik menunjukkan kelayakan yang dapat diterima (Hosmer–Lemeshow p=0.148) dengan nilai Nagelkerke R² sebesar 0.027. Secara keseluruhan, keberadaan industri manufaktur, kepadatan penduduk, dan IMT tidak menunjukkan asosiasi gabungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian neoplasma; namun, IMT overweight tetap menjadi determinan individual yang kuat. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kejadian neoplasma di Sukoharjo kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak terukur atau interaksi multifaktorial yang lebih kompleks, sehingga memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut.References
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