LAPORAN KASUS : PASIEN EKSASERBASI SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS BERDASARKAN KRITERIA MEX-SLEDAI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.52231Keywords:
Kata kunci: Sistemik lupus eritematosus, kortikosteroid, autoimunAbstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) merupakan penyakit autoimun multisistem dengan perjalanan kronis, morbiditas tinggi, serta ketergantungan pada terapi kortikosteroid yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan organ jangka panjang. Manifestasi klinis SLE sangat beragam, mulai dari gejala ringan hingga kondisi yang mengancam nyawa, dengan prevalensi lebih tinggi pada wanita usia subur. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan gejala klinis khas dan pemeriksaan serologis, namun sering kali menimbulkan tantangan karena variasi gejala. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan perjalanan klinis pasien SLE eksaserbasi, hasil pemeriksaan penunjang, serta pendekatan terapi yang diberikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh secara longitudinal melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang, penatalaksanaan, dan evaluasi tindak lanjut. Informasi dihimpun dari catatan medis dan observasi langsung, kemudian dianalisis secara sistematis dan disajikan dalam bentuk laporan kasus. Seorang wanita berusia 20 tahun datang dengan keluhan demam selama dua minggu, disertai kelemahan tubuh, ruam kemerahan menyebar, serta nyeri pada sendi besar. Pasien memiliki riwayat SLE dua tahun sebelumnya dan rutin menggunakan metilprednisolon. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan anemia, hiponatremia, leukopenia, uremia, serta peningkatan enzim hati. Diagnosis ditegakkan sebagai SLE eksaserbasi dengan memenuhi kriteria MEX-SLEDAI. Pasien mendapatkan terapi cairan intravena, antipiretik, antibiotik, kortikosteroid, serta terapi suportif lain sesuai panduan klinis. Kesimpulan laporan kasus ini menegaskan pentingnya pengenalan dini eksaserbasi SLE, pemeriksaan laboratorium komprehensif, serta penatalaksanaan berbasis panduan untuk mencapai remisi dan mencegah kekambuhan.References
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