POLYPHARMACY AND ANXIETY IN ELDERLY: A NARRATIVE COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.51972Keywords:
polifarmasi, lansia, ansietas, multimorbiditasAbstract
Prevalensi polifarmasi pada pasien lanjut usia meningkat setiap tahun. Hal ini mungkin berkaitan dengan proses penuaan yang menyebabkan meningkatnya komorbiditas, sehingga jumlah obat yang dibutuhkan oleh lansia juga bertambah. Kecemasan merupakan salah satu gangguan mental yang paling umum pada lansia, dengan penyebab yang bersifat multifaktorial, meliputi faktor biologis, lingkungan, dan psikologis. Predisposisi genetik serta disregulasi pada poros hipotalamus–pituitari–adrenal (HPA) berperan penting dalam pengelolaan stres dan turut berkontribusi terhadap timbulnya kecemasan. Kecemasan pada lansia juga dapat berkaitan dengan penyakit seperti aritmia, diabetes, gangguan tiroid, atau penggunaan obat-obatan seperti albuterol, kafein, dan steroid. Lansia yang mendapatkan banyak resep obat cenderung mengalami peningkatan stres. Polifarmasi dapat memicu kecemasan antisipatif yang berkaitan dengan keamanan dan pengelolaan penggunaan obat. Tujuan: Meninjau pentingnya evaluasi terhadap dampak polifarmasi terhadap kecemasan pada populasi lanjut usia. Metode: Tinjauan Pustaka ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data dari PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect untuk memilih artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria serta relevan dengan topik kami. Hasil: Polifarmasi dapat berkontribusi terhadap tekanan psikologis pada lansia dengan meningkatkan kompleksitas pengelolaan obat serta memicu kecemasan yang berkaitan dengan keamanan dan kepatuhan pengobatan. Kesimpulan: Hubungan antara tekanan psikologis dan polifarmasi bersifat kompleks, dua arah, dan multifaktorial.References
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