PERAN GANDA IBU PASCA MELAHIRKAN : DAMPAK TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA - SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.51768Keywords:
ibu pasca persalainan, peran ganda, depresi postpartum, produktivitas kerjaAbstract
Masa pasca persalinan merupakan periode transisi kritis bagi perempuan, ditandai dengan tuntutan peran ganda sebagai ibu dan pekerja. Konflik antara peran domestik dan profesional kerap meningkatkan risiko gangguan kesehatan mental dan menurunkan produktivitas kerja. Tujuan: Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi dampak peran ganda ibu pasca melahirkan terhadap kesehatan mental dan produktivitas kerja, sekaligus menilai relevansinya dengan kebijakan terbaru cuti melahirkan di Indonesia. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Science Direct menggunakan strategi PRISMA. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi (2016–2025; desain kohort, cross-sectional, RCT, dan systematic review) dianalisis. Total 24 studi lintas negara dengan berbagai instrumen kesehatan mental (EPDS, MPSS, SF-12) dan produktivitas kerja diidentifikasi. Konflik kerja–keluarga, cuti singkat, beban kerja tinggi, dan kurangnya dukungan sosial konsisten meningkatkan risiko depresi postpartum, kecemasan, dan stres. Sebaliknya, dukungan pasangan, supervisor, fleksibilitas jam kerja, ruang laktasi, dan otonomi kerja terbukti protektif, meningkatkan work engagement serta retensi kerja. Bukti internasional menegaskan bahwa cuti berbayar ≥6 bulan berhubungan dengan penurunan risiko depresi postpartum dan peningkatan keberhasilan menyusui. Temuan ini relevan dengan kebijakan baru Indonesia (UU KIA 2024) yang memperluas cuti melahirkan hingga 6 bulan. Peran ganda ibu pasca melahirkan berdampak signifikan terhadap kesehatan mental dan produktivitas kerja, namun efek negatifnya dapat dimitigasi melalui kombinasi kebijakan struktural, dukungan sosial, dan budaya kerja inklusif. Reformasi cuti melahirkan 6 bulan di Indonesia berpotensi menjadi langkah strategis untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan maternal dan keberlanjutan produktivitas tenaga kerja perempuan.References
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