DETERMINASI FAKTOR KLINIS DAN PERILAKU TERHADAP KEJADIAN LUKA KAKI DIABETIK BERULANG PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.51445Keywords:
Determinants, Diabetes, Foot WoundsAbstract
Luka kaki diabetes merupakan salah satu komplikasi kronis paling serius pada diabetes melitus (DM) yang sering berulang dan berisiko menyebabkan amputasi. Kekambuhan luka kaki diabetes menjadi tantangan besar dalam pengelolaan pasien DM, terutama di fasilitas kesehatan daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor klinis dan perilaku yang memengaruhi kejadian luka kaki diabetik berulang pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Kabupaten Pasuruan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan case–control pada 50 pasien DM tipe 2 (25 kasus luka berulang dan 25 luka pertama). Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi fisik, dan telaah rekam medis. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik biner dengan tingkat signifikansi 95%. Hasil riset menjelaskan faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian luka kaki berulang meliputi lama menderita diabetes ≥10 tahun (p=0,011; OR=5,46), adanya kalus (p=0,000; OR=12,67), neuropati sensorik tidak normal (p=0,024; OR=4,51), pola diet tidak baik (p=0,008; OR=6,68),aktivitas fisik tidak baik (p=0,000; OR=16,00), dan perawatan kaki tidak baik (p=0,023; OR=4,57). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik tidak baik merupakan faktor paling dominan (p=0,014; OR=7,27) dengan probabilitas kekambuhan sebesar 28%. Simpulan, Kejadian luka kaki diabetik berulang dipengaruhi oleh faktor klinis dan perilaku secara bersamaan, dengan aktivitas fisik rendah menjadi determinan utama.References
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