DAMPAK SARCOPENIA TERHADAP PASIEN OSTEOARTHRITIS LUTUT PASCA TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY : LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.51013Keywords:
Knee osteoarthritis; Sarcopenia; Total knee arthroplastyAbstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) lutut merupakan salah satu penyebab utama disabilitas pada populasi lanjut usia. Pada tahap lanjut, tindakan Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) menjadi terapi utama untuk mengurangi nyeri dan meningkatkan fungsi sendi. Namun, keberadaan sarcopenia, yaitu penurunan massa dan kekuatan otot rangka akibat proses penuaan, dapat memengaruhi keberhasilan hasil pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis dampak sarcopenia terhadap hasil klinis dan fungsional pasien OA lutut yang menjalani TKA. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literature review berbasis protokol PRISMA, dengan pencarian artikel pada basis data PubMed, ScienceDirect, EuropePMC, dan Cochrane Library. Dari 617 artikel yang diidentifikasi, tujuh artikel memenuhi kriteria seleksi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pasien dengan sarcopenia memiliki hasil fungsional yang lebih buruk, kecepatan berjalan yang lebih lambat, risiko komplikasi lebih tinggi, dan respon rehabilitasi yang lebih rendah dibanding pasien tanpa sarcopenia. Meskipun TKA tetap memberikan manfaat signifikan dalam mengurangi nyeri, perbaikan fungsi fisik pada kelompok sarcopenia lebih terbatas. Kesimpulannya, Pasien dengan sarcopenia menunjukkan perbaikan fungsi fisik dan mobilitas yang lebih lambat, peningkatan risiko komplikasi, serta hasil rehabilitasi yang kurang optimal dibandingkan pasien tanpa sarcopenia, meskipun perbaikan nyeri pascaoperasi tetap tercapai. Sarcopenia juga terbukti menjadi faktor risiko independen terhadap outcome fungsional yang buruk, terutama pada pasien lanjut usia dengan status nutrisi rendah dan komorbiditas tinggi.References
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