KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA PERITONITIS ET CAUSA APENDISITIS PERFORASI : LITERATURE REVIEW

Afdhal Qalam Hidayah Amir; Azis Beru Gani; Erwin Syarifuddin

doi:10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.50273

Authors

Afdhal Qalam Hidayah Amir Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Azis Beru Gani Departemen Bedah Umum, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, RS Ibnu Sina
Erwin Syarifuddin Departemen Bedah Digestive, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, RS Bhayangkara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.50273

Keywords:

apendisitis perforasi, karakteristik pasien, non-operative management, peritonitis

Abstract

Peritonitis akibat apendisitis perforasi merupakan salah satu kondisi gawat darurat abdomen yang sering dijumpai dan berpotensi menimbulkan komplikasi serius. Penatalaksanaan standar umumnya berupa tindakan operatif, namun dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, pendekatan non-operative management (NOM) mulai dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif terapi pada pasien terpilih. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah systematic literature review yang dilakukan secara sistematis untuk mengidentifikasi, menyaring, dan menganalisis artikel yang relevan melalui beberapa basis data elektronik, yaitu PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, dan ClinicalKey. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pasien peritonitis akibat apendisitis perforasi yang paling sering ditemukan adalah usia muda hingga dewasa awal, dominan laki-laki, kondisi hemodinamik stabil, tanpa komorbiditas signifikan, serta disertai abses lokal atau massa apendikularis. Sebaliknya, pasien dengan usia lanjut, adanya sepsis, peritonitis difus, dan komorbiditas berat cenderung memiliki luaran klinis yang lebih buruk. Kesimpulannya, faktor usia, jenis kelamin, status klinis, dan komorbiditas merupakan hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan dalam menilai risiko dan menentukan prognosis pasien dengan peritonitis akibat apendisitis perforasi.

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