FAKTOR PERILAKU ASI EKSKLUSIF IBU PRIMIPARA BERDASARKAN PLANNED BEHAVIOR THEORY, PALU, INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i2.48307Keywords:
ASI ekslusif, dukungan sosial, kendala menyusui, kontrol perilakuAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap, norma subjektif dari suami, mertua, tenaga kesehatan, kader kesehatan, dan kontrol perilaku ibu dengan perilaku ASI Eksklusif. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menggali secara mendalam terkait kendala dan harapan ibu dalam keberhasilan menyusui ASI Eksklusif ditinjau dari teori Planned Behavior. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mixed method dengan pendekatan eksplanatori. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 73 ibu primipara yang memiliki bayi berusia 6–24 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bulili. Wawancara mendalam juga dilakukan pada 9 orang informan yang terdiri ibu menyusui dan tenaga kesehatan. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat Uji Chi Square dengan desain cross sectional. Data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan content analysis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa 41,7% ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayinya. Sikap, norma subjektif yang berasal dari suami, mertua, dan kader kesehatan serta kontrol perilaku ibu primipara berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Ibu mengalami berbagai kendala dalam menyusui, seperti keterbatasan waktu akibat kembali bekerja, kelelahan, dan kesulitan mengatur jadwal menyusui. Masalah produksi ASI, bayi yang belum mampu menyusu dengan baik, serta kondisi fisik ibu seperti pembengkakan payudara dan nyeri turut memperburuk situasi. Selain itu, ketidaksiapan mental, kurangnya pengalaman, dan kurangnya dukungan menyebabkan beberapa ibu merasa bingung dan ragu. Tekanan dari keluarga, terutama orang tua dan mertua yang menyarankan susu formula, juga memengaruhi keputusan ibu dalam menyusui. Kendala internal dan eksternal, termasuk hambatan fisik, psikologis, serta tekanan sosial, menjadi tantangan utama yang dihadapi ibu dalam proses menyusui. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya dukungan yang komprehensif dari lingkungan keluarga dan tenaga kesehatan guna meningkatkan keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu primipara.References
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