ANALISIS FAKTOR EFEK SAMPING OBAT, PSIKOLOGI, PENYAKIT PENYERTA, DAN PENGAWAS TERHADAP KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i2.46725Keywords:
efek samping obat, kepatuhan, penyakit penyerta, PMO, psikologiAbstract
Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis, terutama menyerang paru-paru, tetapi juga dapat menyerang organ lain. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan beban TB tertinggi, dengan Provinsi Jambi menempati peringkat kelima dalam kasus TB paru. Pada tahun 2022, Jambi mencatat 5.308 kasus baru TB, meningkat dari 3.682 kasus pada tahun 2021. Ketidakpatuhan terhadap pengobatan dapat menyebabkan kegagalan terapi, peningkatan angka kesakitan dan kematian, serta risiko Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh efek samping obat, faktor psikologis, penyakit penyerta, dan pengawasan minum obat terhadap kepatuhan pasien TB di Puskesmas Kuala Tungkal II. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dan instrumen kuesioner. Sampel terdiri dari 55 pasien TB yang dipilih melalui stratified random sampling dari populasi 100 pasien. Analisis data meliputi univariat (distribusi frekuensi), bivariat (chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 63,6% pasien patuh terhadap pengobatan, sementara 36,4% tidak patuh. Faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan adalah efek samping obat (p=0,026), faktor psikologis (p=0,002), dan pengawasan minum obat (p=0,000). Pasien tanpa efek samping obat (88,2%) dan dengan kondisi psikologis positif (83,3%) lebih patuh. Pengawasan minum obat merupakan faktor dominan dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien. Sebaliknya, penyakit penyerta tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan (p=0,302). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam pengobatan TB.References
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