REVIEW LITERATUR : HUBUNGAN OBESITAS SENTRAL DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DAN RESISTENSI INSULIN PADA PEREMPUAN DENGAN SINDROM OVARIUM POLIKISTIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.44177Keywords:
diabetes melitus tipe 2, obesitas sentral, resistensi insulin, sindrom ovarium polikistikAbstract
Diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 menyumbang kematian terbanyak dari seluruh kasus DM di dunia. Obesitas yang merupakan faktor risiko signifikan karena menyebabkan resistensi insulin yang meningkatkan risiko DM tipe 2. Obesitas sentral merupakan prediktor yang lebih baik terhadap DM tipe 2 dibandingkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Perempuan dengan sindrom ovarium polikistik (SOPK) merupakan populasi yang berisiko untuk mengalami DM tipe 2. Perempuan dengan SOPK lebih berisiko mengalami obesitas sentral, bahkan dengan IMT normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan obesitas sentral dengan DM Tipe 2 pada perempuan SOPK. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan review literatur dengan database MEDLINE (PubMed) dan Scopus (ELSEVIER) dengan rentang tahun 2017-2025. Penelusuran menghasilkan 138 artikel dan 8 artikel disertakan dalam analisis utama. Parameter obesitas sentral dalam artikel yang dianalisis adalah lingkar perut (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), dan visceral adipose tissue/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT). Parameter resistensi insulin yang digunakan adalah HOMA-IR dan kadar insulin puasa. Parameter kadar glukosa abnormal yang digunakan adalah gula darah puasa (GDP), gula darah 2 jam postprandial (GD2PP), dan HbA1c. Seluruh studi menunjukkan korelasi obesitas sentral terhadap resistensi insulin dan kadar glukosa abnormal. Obesitas sentral terbukti sebagai prediktor terbaik untuk glukosa abnormal pada perempuan dengan SOPK. Perempuan dengan SOPK yang obesitas sentral namun IMT normal tetap berisiko terhadap resistensi insulin. Penggunaan parameter obesitas sentral untuk skrining DM tipe 2 pada perempuan dengan SOPK perlu dilakukan agar pencegahan lebih tepat sasaran.References
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