INDONESIA KARAKTERISTIK KLINIS INFEKSI PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA DI RUMAH SAKIT GUNUNG JATI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i2.44116Keywords:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, Nosocomial infectionAbstract
Angka kejadian infeksi di Indonesia nosokomial mencapai 15,74%, jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan negara-negara maju yang berkisar antara 4,8–15,5%. Tingkat mortalitas akibat infeksi Pseudomonas aeruginosa dilaporkan sebesar 15,1%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik klinis pasien dengan infeksi Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan teknik total sampling, sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 153 sampel. Dari 153 pasien yang terinfeksi Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki (56,9%) dengan kelompok usia balita (0–5 tahun) sebagai kelompok usia terbanyak (34,0%). Tindakan medis yang paling sering dilakukan adalah operasi pada saluran cerna dan abdomen (4,6%). Penggunaan alat invasif, terutama infus intravena, ditemukan pada 136 pasien (35,7%). Diagnosis klinis primer yang paling sering ditemukan adalah gagal napas (17,0%), sedangkan diagnosis sekunder terbanyak adalah bronkopneumonia (6,5%). Sebagian besar pasien (89,7%) tidak memiliki penyakit penyerta. Angka kematian akibat infeksi Pseudomonas aeruginosa dalam penelitian ini mencapai 58,2%, dengan rerata lama perawatan selama 5 hari. Di RSUD Gunung Jati, dari 153 kasus infeksi yang tercatat, kelompok usia balita dan lansia merupakan kelompok paling rentan, dengan dominasi pasien laki-laki (56,9%). Infeksi ini berkaitan erat dengan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA), infeksi saluran kemih (ISK), infeksi luka, serta penggunaan alat medis invasif seperti infus intravena dan ventilator. Sebagian besar pasien juga menjalani tindakan pembedahan, dan beberapa di antaranya memiliki komorbiditas seperti diabetes mellitus, penyakit jantung, dan penyakit paru kronik.References
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