PERAN URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID (UDCA) DALAM PENGELOLAAN PENYAKIT BATU EMPEDU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.43148Keywords:
Gallstone disease, Gallstone treatment, Ursodeoxycholic acid, Cutaneous cholecystostomy, LithotripsyAbstract
Penyakit batu empedu adalah salah satu gangguan saluran cerna yang paling umum dan berisiko tinggi. Batu empedu kolesterol menyumbang 80%-90% dari semua batu empedu di negara-negara Eropa dan Amerika, sedangkan batu empedu pigmen lebih banyak dilaporkan di negara-negara Asia. Pengobatan hanya diperlukan untuk pasien yang bergejala atau pasien berisiko tinggi dengan komplikasi lain yang berhubungan dengan batu empedu. Penanganan konservatif dapat digunakan pada kasus-kasus di mana pasien tidak dapat mentoleransi pembedahan atau memilih untuk tidak menjalani pembedahan, termasuk pemberian UDCA atau drainase batu melalui kolesistostomi perkutan. UDCA memainkan peran penting dalam penanganan penyakit batu empedu, terutama untuk batu empedu berbasis kolesterol. UDCA diberikan secara oral dengan dosis 8-10 mg/kg berat badan per hari dalam dua atau tiga dosis terbagi. Pengobatan biasanya bersifat jangka panjang dan memerlukan evaluasi rutin menggunakan ultrasound setiap enam bulan untuk memantau respons pengobatan. Pemantauan jangka panjang juga diperlukan untuk mengamati potensi efek samping, seperti gangguan pencernaan atau reaksi alergi, serta untuk memastikan kepatuhan pasien terhadap terapi jangka panjang. Jika terapi UDCA terbukti tidak efektif, alternatif lain seperti kolesistektomi atau litotripsi harus dipertimbangkan. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme molekuler dan genetik yang memengaruhi respons terhadap UDCA, terutama dalam memahami variabilitas individu dan bagaimana faktor genetik dapat memprediksi keberhasilan pengobatan.References
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