DETERMINAN PENERAPAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT : TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.43133Keywords:
budaya keselamatan pasien, manajemen risiko, rumah sakitAbstract
Keselamatan pasien saat ini menjadi topik yang menarik perhatian dunia. Pembentukan budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit ditentukan oleh berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penentu implementasi budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tinjauan sistematis menggunakan diagaram alir PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis). Untuk pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pencarian di PubMed dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci pencarian PubMed adalah “patient safety” and “risk management” and “hospital”, dan kata kunci pencarian Google Scholar adalah “budaya keselamatan pasien” dan “rumah sakit”. Kriteria kelayakan untuk penelitian ini mencakup semua artikel yang diterbitkan dalam lima tahun terakhir, penelitian dengan desain cross-sectional dan artikel harus dapat diakses secara keseluruhan. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor penentu implementasi budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit meliputi faktor personal yang terdiri dari usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, persepsi, jenis profesi, pengalaman kerja, faktor organisasional meliputi dukungan manajemen dan kepala unit, kerja sama tim, pembelajaran organisasi, frekuensi pelaporan insiden, perbaikan berkelanjutan, respon yang tidak menghukum, beban kerja serta lingkungan kerja. Kesimpulannya, faktor penentu budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit adalah elemen personal, elemen organisasi dan elemen lingkungan kerja. Temuan dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan manajemen rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan budaya keselamatan pasien.References
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