TINJAUAN PUSTAKA OPERASI METABOLIK DAN BARIATRIK SEBAGAI SALAH SATU ALTERNATIF PENANGANAN OBESITAS PADA POPULASI DEWASA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.43066Keywords:
obesitas kelas II, operasi metabolik dan bariatrik, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, vertical gastric sleeveAbstract
Angka kejadian obesitas semakin meningkat pada populasi dewasa di seluruh dunia dengan berbagai efek samping yang ditimbulkan. Berbagai bukti ilmiah menunjukkan bahwa operasi metabolik dan bariatrik merupakan pilihan terapi yang paling efektif yang tersedia saat ini pada populasi obesitas kelas II dan secara konsisten dapat mempertahankan penurunan berat badan dalam jangka waktu yang lebih lama dan perbaikan kualitas hidup serta penuruan kejadian berbagai efek samping yang dapat disebabkan oleh obesitas, tanpa memandang prosedur operasi yang dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur, di mana data diperoleh dari artikel jurnal, buku, laporan penelitian, dan sumber terpercaya lainnya yang membahas operasi metabolik dan bariatrik. Teknik analisis data meliputi tiga tahap, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Operasi metabolik dan bariatrik merupakan salah satu alternatif penanganan obesitas pada populasi dewasa, terutama bagi individu dengan IMT ≥ 40 kg/m² atau ≥ 35 kg/m² disertai komorbiditas, yang gagal mencapai penurunan berat badan melalui modifikasi gaya hidup dan farmakoterapi. Prosedur ini bertujuan membatasi asupan makanan dan/atau mengurangi penyerapan nutrisi melalui berbagai teknik seperti gastric bypass dan gastric sleeve, yang terbukti efektif menurunkan berat badan serta memperbaiki komorbiditas seperti diabetes melitus tipe 2, hipertensi, dan dislipidemia.References
Abdel-Razik MAA, Rabia OM, El Menem Mohammed HA. Comparative study between sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass in morbid obese patient. The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls. 2021;5(1):116-121. doi:10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_81_20
Balasubaramaniam V, Pouwels S. Remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after sleeve gastrectomy (SG), one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), and roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB): a systematic review. Medicina (B Aires). 2023;59(5):985. doi:10.3390/medicina59050985
Bariatric surgery procedures. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. 2021 [cited 2024 April 22]. Available from URL: https://asmbs.org/patients/bariatric-surgery-procedures/
Dita, D. A. A., Yunita, E., Ocktaviani, R. D., & Melati, P. (2023). Kajian Pustaka: Polimorfisme Genetik Sebagai Faktor Risiko Obesitas. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, 10(7), 2267-2280.
Golzarand M, Toolabi K, Farid R. The bariatric surgery and weight losing: a meta-analysis in the long- and very long-term effects of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on weight loss in adults. Surg Endosc. 2017;31(11):4331-4345. doi:10.1007/s00464-017-5505-1
le Roux CW, Heneghan HM. Bariatric surgery for obesity. Medical Clinics of North America. 2018;102(1):165-182. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2017.08.011
Lima RLS, Oliveira EJSG de, Pereira EC, et al. Comparative analysis between patients undergoing gastric bypass and sleeve gastroplasty in a private hospital in Sao Luis-MA. Acta Cir Bras. 2020;35(3). doi:10.1590/s0102-865020200030000007
Lupoli R, Lembo E, Saldalamacchia G, Avola CK, Angrisani L, Capaldo B. Bariatric surgery and long-term nutritional issues. World J Diabetes. 2017;8(11):464. doi:10.4239/wjd.v8.i11.464
Kohir, D. S., Murhan, A., & Sulastri, S. (2024). Skrining Faktor Risiko Obesitas Usia Produktif. Jurnal Wacana Kesehatan, 9(2), 97-104.
Marc-André C. A review of current guidelines for the treatment of obesity. Am J Manag Care. 2022;28(15):S288-S296. doi:10.37765/ajmc.2022.89292
Nunes G, Barosa R, Santos CA, Fonsesca J. Gastric sleeve surgery as a new clinical indication for surgical gastrostomy after failure of endoscopic approach in patients who need long-term enteral nutrition. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo). 2017;30(3):229- 229. doi:10.1590/0102-6720201700030015
Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization. 2024 [cited 2024 April 22]. Available from URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact- sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
Peterli R, Wölnerhanssen BK, Peters T, et al. Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass on weight loss in patients with morbid obesity. JAMA. 2018;319(3):255. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.20897
Potret kesehatan Indonesia dari riskesdas 2018. Biro Komunikasi dan Pelayanan Masyarakat. 2018 [cited 2024 April 22]. Available from URL: https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20181102/0328464/potre t-sehat-indonesia-riskesdas-2018/
Richard WO. Morbid obesity. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, editors. Sabiston textbook of surgery: the biological basis of modern surgical practice. 19th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012. 358–86 p
Salminen P, Grönroos S, Helmiö M, et al. Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs roux-en-y gastric bypass on weight loss, comorbidities, and reflux at 10 years in adult patients with obesity. JAMA Surg. 2022;157(8):656. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2022.2229
Saraswati, S. K., Rahmaningrum, F. D., Pahsya, M. N. Z., Paramitha, N., Wulansari, A., Ristantya, A. R., Sinabutar, B. M., Pakpahan, V. E., & Nandini, N. (2021). Literature Review : Faktor Risiko Penyebab Obesitas. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 20(1), 70-74. https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.20.1.70-74
Schauer PR, Schirmer B. The surgical management of obesity. In: Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Biliar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, Matthews JB, editors. Schwartz’s principles of surgery. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2016. p. 1102–29
Tim Riskesdas 2018. Laporan nasional riskesdas 2018. Lembaga Penerbit Balitbangkes, Kementerian Kesehatan, Republik Indonesia, Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan; 2019.
World Health Organization. Obesity. WHO. 2024 [cited 2024 May 13]. Available from URL: https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nella Suhuyanly
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
