OPTIMALISASI SURVEILANS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI KOTA DENPASAR : TANTANGAN, STRATEGI DAN REKOMENDASI PENGENDALIAN BERKELANJUTAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.40996Keywords:
Demam berdarah dengue, surveilans, sistem pelaporan, pengendalian penyakitAbstract
Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di wilayah tropis, termasuk di Kota Denpasar, yang memiliki distribusi kasus merata di berbagai wilayah dengan konsentrasi tertinggi di Kelurahan Sesetan. Tantangan utama dalam surveilans DBD meliputi keterlambatan pelaporan kasus, beban kerja ganda pada petugas, dan kurangnya pelatihan khusus. Surveilans yang efektif diperlukan untuk mendukung pengendalian dan pencegahan kasus DBD secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan surveilans berbasis data sekunder dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Denpasar. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi distribusi geografis, kelompok usia, jenis kelamin, serta efektivitas sistem pelaporan dari puskesmas dan rumah sakit. Observasi lapangan dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kendala dalam pelaksanaan surveilans. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa distribusi geografis kasus DBD tertinggi terdapat di Kelurahan Sesetan, yang dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan penduduk dan angka bebas jentik (ABJ) yang rendah. Analisis berdasarkan kelompok usia menunjukkan bahwa remaja dan dewasa muda (14–24 tahun) memiliki risiko tertinggi. RS Surya Husadha mencatat kontribusi pelaporan tertinggi, namun terdapat keterlambatan pelaporan kasus lebih dari 24 jam yang menghambat respons epidemiologi. Kendala lain yang diidentifikasi meliputi beban kerja ganda pada petugas surveilans dan kurangnya pelatihan khusus. Untuk itu, peningkatan efektivitas surveilans DBD di Kota Denpasar dapat dicapai melalui penguatan infrastruktur, penerapan teknologi pelaporan berbasis Google Form, peningkatan kapasitas petugas, dan pelaksanaan pelatihan berkelanjutan.References
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