HUBUNGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN HEMOFILIA DEWASA DENGAN STATUS GIZI, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN TINGKAT KEPARAHAN HEMOFILIA DI KOTA MANADO

Timothy Abiel Salomo Kaunang; Arthur Elia Mongan; Novie Homenta  Rampengan

doi:10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.39464

Authors

Timothy Abiel Salomo Kaunang Pascasarjana Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Arthur Elia Mongan Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado
Novie Homenta Rampengan Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.39464

Keywords:

aktivitas fisik, hemofilia, kualitas hidup, status gizi, tingkat keparahan hemofilia

Abstract

Hemofilia yakni gangguan bawaan yang dapat menyebabkan darah sulit berhenti dengan normal, sehingga bisa menimbulkan perdarahan spontan apalagi setelah cedera atau operasi. Gejala perdarahan yang biasanya pada hemofilia meliputi perdarahan otot/jaringan lunak (hematoma) serta perdarahan sendi (hemarthrosis). Aktivitas fisik diperlukan bagi pasien hemofilia untuk mempertahankan status gizi baik. Namun, bagi pasien hemofilia harus membatasi jenis olahraga yang dilakukan karena gerakan atau kegiatan fisik yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan perdarahan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menilai hubungan kualitas hidup pasien hemofilia dewasa dengan status gizi, aktivitas fisik dan tingkat keparahan hemofilia di Kota Manado. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang (cross-sectional). Populasi terdiri dari 30 pasien hemofilia dewasa di komunitas HMHI cabang manado, yang seluruhnya dijadikan sampel (total sampling). Variabel terikat kualitas hidup, variabel bebas status gizi, aktivitas fisik dan tingkat keparahan hemofilia. Instrumen penelitian meliputi lembar karakteristik responden, kuesioner WHOQOL-BREF dan IPAQ serta alat pengukur IMT. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman mengungkapkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dan kualitas hidup pada pasien hemofilia dewasa (r = -0.124, p = 0.513). Namun, ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas hidup dengan aktivitas fisik (r = 0.523, p = 0.003) serta dengan tingkat keparahan hemofilia (r = -0.472, p = 0.008). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah kualitas hidup pasien hemofilia menujukan adanya hubungan dengan aktivitas fisik dan tingkat keparahan hemofilia, sementara status gizi tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan.

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