HUBUNGAN ASUPAN GIZI MAKRONUTRIEN DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) DI SLB N 2 SINGARAJA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.38558Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asupan Gizi, Status GiziAbstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) menurut DSM-V ialah kelainan pada perkembangan sistem saraf. Kurangnya komunikasi dan interaksi sosial, perilaku berulang, serta keterbatasan minat ialah pertanda daripada ASD. Anak-anak dengan autism juga sering mengalami masalah sensorik, seperti kesulitan merespons tekstur, bau, atau sentuhan tertentu. Hal tersebut yang menyebabkan anak dengan autsisme sering kali memilii masalah dengan elektivitas makanan, yang berpengaruh pada pola makan mereka, sehingga memengaruhi asupan makanan anak-anak autis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan makronutrien dan status gizi pada anak dengan autisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan desian penelitian cross-sectional yang melibatkan 26 orang tua dan anak-anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme. Asupan makronutrien diukur menggunakan kuesioner SQ-FFQ, sementara status gizi diukur dengan metode antropometri. Uji korelasi Rank Spearman dan uji korelasi Pearson digunakan untuk analisis statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas anak ASD berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dengan rata-rata status gizi berdasarkan z-score (IMT/U) 2,52, asupan kalori rata-rata 1488,83 kkal, protein 59,22 g, lemak 45,75 g, dan karbohidrat 210,35 g. Terdapat hubungan antara asupan protein dan lemak dengan status gizi pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (p>0,05), namun tidak ditemukan hubungan antara asupan kalori dan karbohidrat dengan status gizi anak-anak tersebut (p<0,05). Kesimpulannya, terdapat hubungan antara asupan makronutrien (protein dan lemak) dengan status gizi pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) di SLB N 2 Singaraja.References
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