PERAN SANITASI LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIARE : STUDI CROSS-SECTIONAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.36507Keywords:
Diare, Air bersih, Pembuangan limbah, Jamban, Pengelolaan sampahAbstract
Sanitasi lingkungan berperan penting dalam pencegahan penyakit menular seperti diare, yang masih menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian. Diare menempati urutan keempat sebagai penyebab kematian di seluruh populasi di Indonesia dengan prevalensi mencapai 12,3%. Angka kejadian diare di Sulawesi Tengah mencapai 48,17% pada tahun 2020, dan beberapa daerah, termasuk Kabupaten Morowali, masih mencatat angka kejadian diare yang masih lebih tinggi. Diare merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan, terutama di negara-negara berkembang, di mana diare masih menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara sanitasi lingkungan dan kejadian diare, serta mengidentifikasi tingkat risikonya. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan populasi sebanyak 2.200 orang, Sampel diambil secara random sederhana sebanyak 100 orang yang memenuhi kriteria. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square serta perhitungan Odds Ratio (OR) untuk mengukur risiko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sanitasi lingkungan memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian diare (p<0,05). Ketersediaan air bersih menunjukkan OR=0,044, kondisi jamban memiliki OR=174,00, saluran pembuangan air limbah OR=171,00, dan pengelolaan sampah OR=50,556. Disimpulkan bahwa faktor sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk meningkatkan risiko kejadian diare, terutama pada kondisi jamban, pembuangan air limbah, dan pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya perbaikan sanitasi lingkungan, termasuk penyediaan air bersih yang layak, fasilitas jamban, serta sistem pembuangan limbah yang efektif, dan pengelolaan sampah yang memadai untuk menurunkan risiko diare.References
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