PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSA MOLA HIDATIDOSA : LAPORAN KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.34158Keywords:
Mola Hidatidosa, Kehamilan Mola, Penyakit Trofoblastik Gestasional, Gambaran Histopatologi Mola Hidatidosa, Pendekatan DiagnosisAbstract
Penyakit trofoblastik gestational merupakan kelompok penyakit dengan karakteristik proliferasi sel trofoblas. Mola hidatidosa adalah salah satu penyakit yang masuk dalam kelompok penyakit tersebut. Mola hidatidosa diklasifikasikan menjadi subtipe mola komplit dan subtipe mola parsial. Faktor risiko seperti lanjut usia, etnis, dan riwayat kehamilan mola sebelumnya, yang menunjukkan etiologi genetik dapat meningkatkan risiko kehamilan mola saat ini. Tanda dan gejala utama yang sering dialami berupa perdarahan vagina. Walaupun mola hidatidosa merupakan bentuk jinak dari penyakit trofoblastik gestasional, namun penyakit ini berpotensi menjadi suatu keganasan sehingga perlunya pendekatan diagnosis sedini mungkin dan tepat untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Telah disajikan laporan kasus pada wanita (G3P1A1) usia kehamilan 11 minggu berusia 48 tahun yang mengeluhkan perdarahan dari jalan lahir sejak 4 hari terakhir disertai mual dan muntah. Pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan hipertensi grade II dan takikardi. Ditemukan juga konjungtiva anemis pada kedua mata, nyeri tekan abdomen pada regio hipogastrik, Tinggu Fundus Uteri (TFU) berada dipertengahan simfisis pubis dan umbilikus. Hasil laboratorium didapatkan anemia, dan peningkatan fungsi hati. USG obstetric ditemukan massa ekogenik yang diselingi dengan banyak ruang kistik hipoekogenik seperti gambaran snow storm appearance, tanpa disertai bagian tubuh janin, cairan amnion, maupun detak jantung janin. Pasien dirawat inap dan dilakukan tindakan dilatasi kuretase serta pemeriksaan patologi anatomik (histopatologi) terhadap spesimen hasil tindakan. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan gambaran villi-villi khorealis berukuran besar dan kecil serta mengalami degenerasi hidropik dengan dilapisi sel-sel trofoblas proliferatif.References
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