PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSA SEVERE DENGUE PADA ANAK : LAPORAN KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.33611Keywords:
Dengue Shock Syndrome, Dengue pada Anak, Severe Dengue pada Anak, Pendekatan Diagnosa, Laporan KasusAbstract
Severe dengue merupakan kondisi mengancam jiwa akibat komplikasi dari infeksi dengue. Istilah severe dengue adalah klasifikasi baru dari infeksi dengue yang menggantikan istilah “demam berdarah dengue derajat III dan IV” atau “sindroma syok dengue”. Severe dengue ditandai dengan terjadinya salah satu dari 3 manifestasi seperti kebocoran plasma berat yang mengakibatkan syok, perdarahan hebat, ataupun gangguan organ berat. World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan bahwa hampir 95% anak berusia di bawah 15 tahun mengalami penyakit demam berdarah. Diperlukan pendekatan diagnosa sedini mungkin terhadap penyakit demam berdarah untuk mencegah berlanjutnya penyakit ini pada tahap yang lebih parah hingga menyebabkan kematian. Telah disajikan kasus severe dengue pada anak berusia 5 tahun 9 bulan mengeluhkan demam tinggi sejak 6 hari lalu disertai nyeri ulu hati, BAB cair, sesak napas, dan lemas seluruh tubuh. Pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan pasien tampak gelisah, takikardi, regular namun nadi lemah, takipnue, dan suhu 38,9°C. Didapatkan konjungtiva anemis, nyeri tekan epigastrium, dan kedua akral dingin. Pemeriksaan laboratorium ditemukan anemia, peningkatan hematokrit, trombositopenia, ketidakseimbangan elektrolit, peningkatan fungsi hati, hipoalbuminemia, dan peningkatan CRP. Hasil pemeriksaan feses didapatkan bakteri positif (+1). Hasil foto thorax menyimpulkan efusi pleura dextra dengan PEI = 18,94. Lima hari pasca perawatan, perbaikan dialami oleh pasien sehingga dokter memperbolehkan pasien pulangReferences
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