PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS SIROSIS HEPATIS : LAPORAN KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i2.30578Keywords:
Pendekatan Diagnosis, Sirosis HepatisAbstract
Sirosis hepatis merupakan penyakit hati kronik yang dikarakteristikan dengan terbentuknya jaringan parut (fibrosis) yang akan menggantikan jaringan hati yang normal. Proses tersebut terjadi akibat kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh berbagai penyakit hati seperti infeksi virus kronik, penyakit liver alkoholik, dan fatty liver non-alkoholik. Sirosis hepatis adalah kondisi kompleks dan beragam yang memerlukan penatalaksanaan dan perawatan yang komprehensif. Diagnosa sedini mungkin sangat menentukan tatalaksana dan prognosis pasien sirosis hepatis. Pendekatan diagnosis sirosis hepatis meliputi anamesis, pemeriksaan fisik serta pemeriksaan penunjang meliputi pemeriksaan laboratorium dan pencitraan. Penatalaksaan sirosis hepatis melibatkan pendekatan komprehensif untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi, mengelola gejala dan memperlambat perkembangan penyakit. Terdapat skoring berupa Child Pugh Score untuk menilai tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan memprediksi kemungkinan berkembangnya komplikasi serta prognosis pasien sirosis hepatis dalam 1 tahun. Telah disajikan kasus sirosis hepatis dalam laporan kasus ini pada pasien berusia 69 tahun dengan keluhan kuning pada seluruh tubuh yang memberat sejak 1 minggu terakhir disertai mual, muntah setiap kali makan, perut membesar dan bengkak pada kedua kaki. Pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan ikterik, perut distensi dan nyeri tekan pada seluruh lapang abdomen serta edema pada kedua ekstremitas inferior. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan hiperbilirubinemia, peningkatan fungsi hati, leukositosis, peningkatan INR, hipoalbuminemia dan hiponatremia serta HbSAg reaktif. Hasil USG abdomen hanya menunjukkan adanya peradangan pada gallbladder. Skoring child pugh sebesar 10 poin dimana menunjukkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup pasien dalam 1 tahun ~ 45%.References
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