PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS DEMENSIA VASKULAR : LAPORAN KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i1.26642Keywords:
Demensia Vaskular, Pendekatan DiagnostikAbstract
Demensia vaskular adalah penurunan kognitif multidomain dengan gangguan aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari yang diakibatkan oleh penyakit serebrovaskular, baik stroke iskemik maupun stroke hemoragik. Demensia vaskular adalah penyebab demensia yang paling umum kedua setelah demensia Alzheimer pada orang usia lanjut (di atas 65 tahun). Demensia vaskular perlu didiagnosis sedini mungkin. Pada kasus gangguan kognitif, diagnosis dan intervensi dini akan memberikan prognosis yang lebih baik, terutama dalam memperlambat penurunan kognitif, aspek fungsional, dan kualitas hidup. Pendekatan diagnostik untuk demensia vaskular menggunakan kriteria yang ada melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, skrining neurokognitif dan pencitraan. Alat diagnostik untuk skrining demensia vaskular termasuk The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Penilaian Kognitif Montreal (MoCA), Pemeriksaan Status Mental Mini (MMSE), dll. Simpulan laporan kasus ini ialah penggunaan kriteria diagnostik dan pemeriksaan akan mengarahkan kepada diagnosis yang tepat. Kami menyajikan kasus demensia vaskular pada pasien berusia 74 tahun yang memiliki riwayat stroke iskemik selama 9 tahun. Keluhan utamanya adalah pelupa, tetapi ternyata skrining neurokognitif menunjukkan adanya gangguan kognitif multidomain. Pasien bergantung penuh dalam aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari. CT scan kepala menunjukkan infark lakunar multipel dan atrofi otak.References
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