STRATEGI INTERVENSI PENDIDIKAN KEDOKTERAN UNTUK MENGATASI KEKURANGAN DOKTER DI PEDESAAN: LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i1.25707Keywords:
pendidikan kedokteran, tenaga dokter, wilayah pedesaanAbstract
Kekurangan tenaga kesehatan di pedesaan merupakan permasalahan global yang menghambat masyarakat dalam mengakses pelayanan kesehatan. Hampir semua pedesaan dan daerah terpencil di seluruh negara mengalami kekurangan tenaga kesehatan, khususnya dokter. Dokter memainkan peran penting di antara tenaga kesehatan. Perpindahan dokter dari pedesaan dan daerah terpencil ke perkotaan telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran besar bagi para pembuat kebijakan kesehatan. Distribusi dokter yang tidak proporsional dapat menyebabkan gangguan terhadap kinerja dan stabilitas sistem kesehatan. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang masih mengalami permasalahan kekurangan dokter di pedesaan hingga saat ini. WHO telah merekomendasikan strategi untuk mengatasi kekurangan tenaga kesehatan di pedesaan dan daerah terpencil, salah satunya adalah melalui intervensi pendidikan yang terdiri atas lima kategori. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil penerapan intervensi pendidikan di beberapa negara dalam merekrut dokter ke pedesaan sehingga dapat menjadi strategi bagi Indonesia untuk mengatasi kekurangan dokter di pedesaan. Database yang digunakan sebagai pencarian literatur yaitu PubMed, Scopus, dan Embase. Ditemukan 296 artikel dari tiga database dan diperoleh 6 artikel penelitian yang relevan dengan topik. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa penerapan intervensi pendidikan yang direkomendasikan oleh WHO berdampak positif dalam mengatasi kekurangan dokter di pedesaan. Karena itu, Indonesia dapat menerapkan intervensi ini sebagai salah satu strategi dalam mengatasi kekurangan dokter di pedesaan.References
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