PERBEDAAN KADAR INTERLEUKIN 1β ANTARA PERSALINAN PRETERM DAN KEHAMILAN NORMAL
Keywords:
Kadar IL 1β, Persalinan PretermAbstract
Masalah utama pada persalinan preterm adalah terkait morbiditas dan mortalitas yang ditimbulkan, terutama dikarenakan sistem pernapasan yang imatur pada bayi yang lahir sebelum usia kehamilan 34 minggu. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007 menunjukkan bahwa 78,5% dari kematian neonatal terjadi pada umur 0-6 hari dengan penyebab kematian adalah; 1) gangguan atau kelainan pernapasan (35,9%), 2) prematuritas (32,4%), 3) sepsis (12 %) dan 4) penyebab lain sebesar 16,1 %. Di Indonesia sekitar 12,5% persalinan preterm disebabkan oleh infeksi. IL 1β merupakan sitokin proinflamasi yang dapat memicu persalinan preterm. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbedaan kadar IL 1 β antara persalinan preterm dan kehamilan normal. Desain penelitian cross sectional, penelitian dilakukan di RSUP Dr. M Djamil, RSUD Dr. Rasidin dan Laboratorium Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas pada bulan Juni-Oktober 2016. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu 20 responden persalinan preterm dan 20 responden kehamilan normal. Kadar IL 1β dan IL 10 diperiksa dengan metode ELISA. Data dianalisis dengan uji mann-whitney. Hasil penelitian median kadar IL 1β pada kelompok persalinan preterm adalah 914,24 (785,78-8684,07) pg/ml dan median kelompok kehamilan normal adalah 790,08 (496,78-1016,64) pg/ml. Secara statistik diperoleh nilai p<0,001 artinya terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar IL 1β antara persalinan preterm dan kehamilan normal. Kesimpulan, kadar IL 1β lebih tinggi pada kelompok persalinan preterm dari pada kelompok kehamilan normal.References
Alamrani A, Mahmoud S, Alotaibi, M.â€Intrauterine Infection As A Possible Trigger For Labor: The Role Of Toll-Like Receptors And Proinflammatory Cytokinesâ€. Asian Biomedicine.Vol. 9, No. 6. doi:10.5372/1905-7415.0906.445.2015.
Blencowe H, Cousens S, Chou D, Oestergaard, MZ, Sat L, Moller AB et al.â€15 Million Preterm Births: Priorities For Action Based On National, Regional and Global Estimatesâ€. Reproductive Health Journal.Chapter 2. pp.16-31.2013
Bogavac M, Brkic S, Celic D, Simin N, Matijasevic J, Ilic T.â€Interferon Gamma, Interleukin 8 and Interleukin 10in Serum of Patients with The Cervical Infection and Symptoms of The Imminent Preterm Laboâ€r. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 141(9-10). pp.623-628. doi: 10.2298/SARH 1310623B.2013.
Cox SM, King MR, Casey ML, McDonald PC. “Interleukin-1 Beta, -1 Alpha and -6 And Prostaglandins In Vaginal/Cervical Fluids Of Pregnant Women Before And During Laborâ€.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Vol. 77, Issue 3.2016.
Crane JMG, Hutchens D.â€Use Of Transvaginal Ultrashonography To Predict Preterm Birth In Women With A History Of Preterm Birthâ€. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. Vol. 32. pp. 640-645.2008
Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dhase JS, Hoffman BL et al. William Obstetrics (24th edition). New York : Mc Graw Hill Education.2014.
Denney JM, Nelson EL, Wadhwa PD, Waters TP, Mathew L, Chung EK et al.â€Longitudinal Modulation Of Immune System Cytokine Profile During Pregnancyâ€. Pubmed Central Journal. Vol. 53, No. 2. pp. 170–177. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2010.11.005.2011.
Dubicke A, Franson E, Centini G, Andersson E,. Bystrom B, Malmstrom A et al.â€Proinflamatory and Antiinflamatory Cytokines in Human Preterm and Term Cervival Ripeningâ€. Elsevire; Jounal of Reproductive Immunology.Vol.84. pp. 176-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2009.12.004.2010.
Dulay AT. Intra Amniotic Infection (Chorioamnionitis), Gynecology and Obstetrics: diakses 23 Februari 2016. <http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology and-obstetrics>.2014.
Gandy JW, Madden A, Holdsworth M. Gizi & Dietetika. (Terjemahan: Mario Sadar Bernito Hutagalung). Jakarta : EGC.2014
Giraldo S, Sanchez J, Felty Q, Roy D. IL 1 B (Interleukin 1 Beta), Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Hematology. diakses 6 Desember 2015. .2008
Goldenberg RL,. Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R. “Epidemiology and Causes Of Preterm Birthâ€.The Lancet. Vol. 371, No. 9606. pp.75-84.2008.
Gondo HK, “Ultrasonografi Sebagai Prediktor Persalinan Pretermâ€. CDK-196/ Vol. 39, No. 8.p.567-572.2012
Gotsch F, Romero R, Kusanovic JP, Erez O, Espinoza J, Kim CJ et al.â€The Anti-Inflammatory Limb Of The Immune Response In Preterm Labor, Intra-Amniotic Infection/ Inflammation, and Spontaneous Parturition at Term: A Role For Interleukin-10â€. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. Vol. 21, No. 8. pp.529–547.2008.
Heng YJ, Liong S, Permezel M, Rice GE,. Quinzio MKWD, Georgiou HM.â€The Interplay of the Interleukin 1 Systemin Pregnancy and Laborâ€. Reproductive Sciences. Vol. 2, No. 1. pp.122-130. doi: 10.1177/ 1933719113492204. 2014.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.2012.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.2014.
Li X, Jietang M, Anthony V, Ying Y, Ren G, Xiaojin S et al. “IL-35 Is a Novel Responsive Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine: A New System of Categorizing Anti-inflammatory Cytokinesâ€. Plos One.Vol. 7, Issue 3. pp.e33628.2012.
Lopez NG, StLouis D, Lehr MA, Rodriguez, ENS, Hernandez MA. “Immune Cells in Term and Preterm Laborâ€. Journal Cellular & Molecular Immunology. pp.571-581.2014.
Menon R, Fortunato SJ, Edward DRV, Williams, SM.â€Association of Genetic Variants, Ethnicity and Preterm Birth With Amniotic Fluid Cytokine Concentrationsâ€. Journal Annals of Human Genetics. Vol. 74: pp.165–183.2010.
Pawelczyk E, Nowicki BJ, Izban MG, Pratap S, Sashti NA, Sanderson M, Nowicki S.â€Spontaneous Preterm Labor Is Associated With AnIncrease In The Proinflammatory Signal Transducer TLR4 Receptor On Maternal Blood Monocytesâ€. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. Vol. 10. pp. 66. 2010
Pearce BJ, Grove J, Bonney EA, Bliwise N, Dudley DJ, Schendel DE, Thorsen P. “Interrelationship of Cytokines, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hormones,and Psychosocial Variables in the Prediction of Preterm Birthâ€. Gynecol Obstet Invest. Vol. 70. pp. 40–46. doi: 10.1159/00028494.2010.
Prawirohardjo S. Ilmu Kebidanan. Jakarta; Yayasan Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo.2009.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar.Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.2007.
Robertson SA, Skinner RJ, Care AS.â€Essential Role For lL 10 In Resistance to Lippopolysaccharide Induced Preterm Labor In Miceâ€.The Journal of lmmunology.Vol.177. pp. 4888-4896.2006
Romero R, Espinoza J, Goncalves LF, Kusanovic JP, Friel L, Hassan S.â€The Role of Inflammation and Infectionin Preterm Birthâ€. Seminars In Reproductive Medicine.Vol. 25, No. 1.2007.
Romero R, Hassan SS, Gajer P, Tarca AL,. Fadrosh DW, Bieda J et al.â€The Vaginal Microbiota Of Pregnant Women WhoSubsequently Have Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Labor and Those With A Normal LaborAt Termâ€. Microbiome. Vol. 22:18.2014
Schmidler, C. Risk Factors for Preterm Birth.diakses 14 Februari 2016..2016
Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia. Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2012. Jakarta : Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional, Badan Pusat Statistik dan Kementerian Kesehatan. 2012.
Thompson, EG. Complete Blood Count (CBC). diakses 1 Juli 2017 https://emedicinehealth.com. 2012
Tidy C. Gravidity and Parity Definitions (and their Implications in Risk Assessment).diakses 4 Juli 2017 https://patient.info.2014
Torbe A, Czajkz R, Kordek A, Rzepka R, Kwiatkowski S, Rudnicki J.â€Maternal Serum Proinflammatory Cytokines In Preterm Labor With Intact Membranes: Neonatal Outcome and Histological Associationsâ€. Eur. Cytokine Netw. Vol. 18. No, 2. pp. 102-7. doi: 10.1684/ecn.2007. 0092.2017
Velez DR, Fortunato SJ, Morgan N, Edwards TL, Lombardi SJ, Williams SM et al.â€Patterns of Cytokine Profiles Differ With Pregnancy Outcomeand Ethnicityâ€.Human Reproduction. Vol. 23, No. 8 pp. 1902–1909. doi:10.1093/humrep/den170.2008.
Verri WA, Cunha Jr, Parada TM, Poole CA, S Cunha FQ, Ferreira SH. “Hypernociceptive Role Of Cytokines and Chemokines: Targets for Analgesic Drug Developmentâ€.Elsevier. Vol. 112. pp. 116–138.2006.
Vrachnis N, Karavolos S, Iliodromiti Z, Sifakis, S, Siristatidis C, Mastorakos G et al.â€Impact of Mediators Present in Amniotic Fluid on Preterm Labourâ€. In Vivo. Vol. 26. pp. 799-812.2012.
Weber A, Wasiliew P, Kracht M.â€Interleukin 1β (IL 1β) Processing Pathwayâ€. Science Signaling. Vol. 3, Issue 105. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.3105 cm1.2010
World Health Organization.Born To Soon : The Global Action Report on Preterm Birth. Geneva: World Health Organization.2012
Yılmaz Y, Verdi H, Taneri A, Yazici AC, Ecevit, AN, Karakasx NM et al. “Maternal–Fetal Proinflammatory Cytokine GenePolymorphism and Preterm Birthâ€. DNA and Cell Biology. Vol. 31, No. 1. pp. 92–97. doi: 10.1089/dna.2010. 1169.2012.
Yuan M, Jordan F, McInnes IB, Harnett MM, Norman JE.â€Leukocytes Are Primed In Peripheral Blood For Activation During Term and Preterm Labourâ€. Molecular Human Reproduction. Vol.15, No.11 pp. 713–724. doi:10.1093/molehr/gap054S.2009
