A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: PHARMACIST INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v7i3.22107Keywords:
hypertension, pharmacist intervention, blood pressure control, patient adherenceAbstract
Hipertensi adalah penyakit kronis non-infeksius yang memerlukan pengobatan jangka panjang untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah. Pada kasus hipertensi, seringkali terdapat permasalahan pada kepatuhan pasien dalam pelaksanaan pengobatan. Oleh karena itu, tugas apoteker adalah meningkatkan pemahaman pasien terhadap pengobatan, yang berdampak pada pencapaian hasil terapi yang diinginkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan tinjauan terkait efektivitas intervensi apoteker terhadap outcome klinis pasien hipertensi berupa pengendalian tekanan darah dan kepatuhan pengobatan pasien. Metode dalam studi ini berupa pencarian literatur menggunakan database elektronik Scopus yang dipublikasi pada tahun 2013 hingga 2022. Pemilihan artikel mengikuti beberapa kriteria meliputi artikel berbahasa inggris, menilai efek intervensi yang dipimpin oleh apoteker terhadap level tekanan darah dan kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien hipertensi, desain penelitian Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), quasi eksperimental. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa dari total 259 yang diperoleh, terdapat 5 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Seluruh penelitian menunjukkan perbaikan pengendalian pada tekanan darah. Pengendalian tekanan darah dan perbaikan kepatuhan pengobatan dicapai setelah 6 sampai 12 bulan intervensi oleh apoteker. Intervensi apoteker berupa telefarmasi, review pengobatan, visite apoteker, dan konseling kepatuhan dan edukasi. Kesimpulannya adalah intervensi yang diberikan Apoteker dapat meningkatkan pengendalian tekanan darah dan kepatuhan pengobatan pasien hipertensi. Penelitian selanjutnya direkomendasikan menilai penerimaan pasien dan hambatan terhadap intervensi yang diberikan Apoteker serta menentukan intervensi Apoteker manakah yang paling efektif.References
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