EFEKTIFITAS CUKAI MINUMAN BERPEMANIS UNTUK MENGURANGI DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v7i1.12381Keywords:
Minuman Berpemanis, Cukai, DiabetesAbstract
Prevalensi Diabetes Indonesia pada tahun 2018 sebesar 10,9% dengan dua pertiganya tidak terdiagnosa. Kurangnya aktivitas fisik dan pola makan yang tidak sehat dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya penyakit Diabetes, khususnya Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Terdapat beberapa penelitian yang mengatakan konsumsi minuman berpemanis dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas cukai minuman berpemanis dalam menurunkan angka kejadian dan prevalensi diabetes melitus tipe 2. Pencarian sistematis dilakukan untuk menemukan studi yang relevan menggunakan kata kunci dalam 3 database seperti PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar. Indentifikasi artikel menggunakan metode PRISMA dan terbatas pada penelitian yang dilakukan tahun 2012-2022. Sebagai negara dengan konsumsi minuman berpemanis tertinggi nomer tiga di Asia Tenggara, Indonesia belum menerapkan cukai minuman berpemanis. Penerapan cukai minuman berpemanis merupakan salah satu rekomendasi WHO untuk menurunkan penyakit tidak menular yang sudah diterapkan di 47 negara dan 16 yurisdiksi yang lebih kecil. Berdasarkan review artikel, penerapan cukai minuman berpemanis dapat meningkatkan harga produk minuman berpemanis yang akan menurunkan tingkat konsumsi dan mendorong produsen untuk menjual produk dengan kandungan gula yang lebih sedikit. Perubahan pola konsumsi tersebut menyebabkan penurunan insiden dan prevalensi pada Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 yang pada akhirnya akan menurunkan angka kejadian Penyakit Tidak Menular.References
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