Efektivitas Program Edukasi dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Anak Usia Prasekolah di TK Al-Jawahir Kediri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jn.v10i1.53046Abstract
Abstrak Karies gigi merupakan masalah kesehatan mulut yang paling banyak dialami anak usia dini, terutama akibat konsumsi makanan kariogenik dan kebiasaan menyikat gigi yang kurang tepat. Data Riskesdas 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi karies pada anak usia 3–4 tahun mencapai 81,1% dan meningkat menjadi 92,6% pada usia 5–9 tahun. Kondisi ini diperburuk oleh rendahnya pengetahuan anak dan kurangnya perhatian orang tua terhadap kesehatan gigi susu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penyuluhan kesehatan gigi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan anak prasekolah di TK Al-Jawahir Kediri. Kegiatan edukasi dilaksanakan pada 21 Oktober 2025 menggunakan metode ceramah interaktif, demonstrasi teknik menyikat gigi, praktik bersama, dan evaluasi pre-test serta post-test. Materi disampaikan menggunakan media visual, phantom gigi, dan ice breaker untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan anak. Sebanyak 24 anak berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan rata-rata indeks DMF-T sebesar 3,04 yang menandakan tingginya beban karies pada responden. Hasil pre-test memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan awal anak masih rendah pada seluruh indikator penilaian. Setelah intervensi edukasi, seluruh aspek pengetahuan mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan, dengan persentase jawaban benar meningkat pada semua komponen, termasuk frekuensi menyikat gigi (62,5% menjadi 87,5%), waktu menyikat gigi (25% menjadi 83,3%), penggunaan pasta gigi (20,83% menjadi 87,5%), serta pengetahuan makanan sehat dan penyebab karies (62,5% menjadi 95,83–100%). Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara skor pre-test dan post-test (p < 0,05). Dengan demikian, penyuluhan dengan pendekatan interaktif terbukti efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi anak usia dini dan dapat direkomendasikan sebagai program edukasi rutin di sekolah. Kata Kunci: DMF-T; Edukasi Menyikat Gigi; Karies Anak; Pengetahuan Anak Usia Dini; Penyuluhan Kesehatan Gigi. Abstract Dental caries is the most common oral health problem among young children, primarily caused by frequent consumption of cariogenic foods and improper toothbrushing habits. The 2018 National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) reported that the prevalence of caries among children aged 3–4 years reached 81.1% and increased to 92.6% in those aged 5–9 years. This condition is further aggravated by limited oral health knowledge in children and insufficient parental attention to primary tooth care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dental health education in improving the knowledge of preschool children at Al-Jawahir Kindergarten, Kediri. The educational intervention was conducted on October 21, 2025, using interactive lectures, toothbrushing demonstrations, guided practice, and pre-test and post-test assessments. The learning materials were delivered through visual media, dental phantoms, and ice breakers to enhance children’s engagement. A total of 24 children participated in the study. Descriptive analysis showed an average DMF-T index of 3.04, indicating a high caries burden among participants. The pre-test results demonstrated that children’s baseline knowledge was low across all assessment indicators. Following the educational intervention, all aspects of knowledge improved significantly, with increases in the percentage of correct responses for toothbrushing frequency (62.5% to 87.5%), appropriate brushing time (25% to 83.3%), use of toothpaste (20.83% to 87.5%), and understanding of healthy foods and caries-causing factors (62.5% to 95.83–100%). The Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that interactive dental health education effectively enhances oral health knowledge in young children and can be recommended as a routine school-based educational program. Keywords: Childhood Caries; Dental Health Education: DMF-T; Early Childhood Knowledge; Toothbrushing Education.Downloads
Published
2025-12-31
How to Cite
Tobing, M., Wati, I. I. A., Divina, P. Y., & Gunawan, E. (2025). Efektivitas Program Edukasi dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Anak Usia Prasekolah di TK Al-Jawahir Kediri. Jurnal Ners, 10(1), 1393–1397. https://doi.org/10.31004/jn.v10i1.53046
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Ners

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).






