Faktor Risiko Resistensi Rifampicin Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis di RSUD Dr. J.P Wanane Kabupaten Sorong

Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan diindonesia. Rifampicin merupakan obat lini pertama yang paling penting dalam pengobatan tuberkulosis. Namun, ketidakpatuhan terhadap pengobatan, durasi terapi yang tidak sesuai standar, serta kondisi komorbid dapat memicu terjadinya resistensi terhadap rifampicin (TB-RO). Sehingga menurunkan keberhasilan terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian resistensi rifampicin pada pasien tuberkulosis di RSUD Dr. J.P. Wanane Kabupaten Sorong menggunakan metode analitik dengan pendekatan case control study, melibatkan 130 pasien TB periode Agustus 2023-Agustus 2025, terdiri dari 39 pasien resisten dan 91 pasien sensitif rifampicin. Data diperoleh melalui rekam medis dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square serta perhitungan odds rasio (OR). Empat variabel yang diteliti yaitu, usia, jenis kelamin, lama pengobatan, riwayat komorbid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya variabel lama pengobatan yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian resistensi rifampin (P=0,000; P<0,005) pasien dengan durasi pengobatan > 6 bulan memiliki risiko mengalami resistensi dibandingkan pasien yang menyelesaikan pengobatan sesuai standar. Dapat disimpulkan, lama pengobatan merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian resistensi rifampicin pada pasien TB di RSUD Dr. J.P. Wanane Kabupaten Sorong. Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis, Rifampicin, Resistensi Obat, Lama Pengobatan, Faktor Risiko   Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Indonesia. Rifampicin is the most important first-line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis. However, non-adherence to treatment, inadequate duration of therapy, and comorbid conditions can trigger rifampicin resistance (RO-TB), thus reducing the success of therapy. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of rifampicin resistance in tuberculosis patients at Dr. J.P. Wanane Regional General Hospital, Sorong Regency, using an analytical method with a case-control study approach, involving 130 TB patients from August 2023 to August 2025, consisting of 39 resistant patients and 91 sensitive patients with rifampicin. Data were obtained through medical records and analyzed using the chi-square test and odds ratio (OR) calculation. Four variables studied were age, gender, duration of treatment, and history of comorbidities. The results showed that only the duration of treatment was significantly associated with the incidence of rifampin resistance (P=0.000; P<0.005). Patients with a duration of treatment >6 months had a higher risk of developing resistance compared to patients who completed treatment according to standards. It can be concluded that the duration of treatment is the most influential factor in the incidence of rifampicin resistance in TB patients at Dr. J.P. Wanane Regional Hospital, Sorong Regency. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Rifampicin, Drug Resistance, Treatment Duration, Risk Factors