PENERAPAN PENGGUNAAN MASKER MATA DAN PENYUMBAT TELINGA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS TIDUR DAN MENCEGAH DELIRIUM PADA PASIEN DI RUANG INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: STUDI KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.55421Keywords:
delirium, ICU, kualitas tidur, masker mata, penyumbat telingaAbstract
Delirium merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi pada pasien di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) dan berhubungan dengan peningkatan lama rawat, penggunaan ventilator mekanik, serta mortalitas. Salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi adalah gangguan kualitas tidur akibat paparan cahaya dan kebisingan lingkungan ICU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan penggunaan masker mata dan penyumbat telinga guna meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan mencegah risiko konfusi akut pada pasien dewasa di ICU. Studi ini menggunakan desain studi kasus dengan pendekatan Evidence Based Nursing Practice. Populasi adalah pasien dewasa di ICU RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, dengan sampel tiga pasien yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Variabel penelitian meliputi kualitas tidur dan risiko konfusi akut. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (NU-DESC), Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), dan Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif melalui pemantauan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi selama tiga hari. Seluruh subjek menunjukkan peningkatan skor RCSQ dari kategori tidur buruk menjadi baik hingga sangat baik. Skor NU-DESC pada dua subjek menurun dari 3 menjadi 0, sedangkan satu subjek tetap 0. Skor RASS dan GCS stabil dalam batas normal selama penerapan. Penerapan masker mata dan penyumbat telinga meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan menurunkan risiko konfusi akut pada pasien dewasa di ICU. Perbaikan paling cepat dan optimal terjadi pada pasien dengan diagnosis STEMI pasca PCI, diikuti pasien CHF, sedangkan pasien dengan neoplasma otak menunjukkan perbaikan yang lebih bertahap. Intervensi ini aman diterapkan sebagai bagian dari asuhan keperawatan nonfarmakologis rutin.References
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