FAKTOR PENENTU CAKUPAN DAN KEPATUHAN PEMBERIAN OBAT PENCEGAHAN MASSAL (POPM) FILARIASIS : TINJAUAN NARATIF

Authors

  • Revi Aurora Revi Samantha Pendidikan Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Aulya Rahmanisa Paramitha Asy’ari Pendidikan Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Nasywa Renata Azza Pendidikan Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Pinky Yuka Ardana Pendidikan Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Rafli Hanif Robbani Pendidikan Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Luneta Azaria Nurdewati Pendidikan Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Rochmadina Suci Bestari Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.55276

Keywords:

Filariasis, POPM, MDA, Kepatuhan Minum Obat, Cakupan Program, Tinjauan Naratif.

Abstract

Filariasis limfatik merupakan suatu penyakit menular yang berlangsung lama, sehingga dapat menyebabkan kecacatan permanen dan mengurangi tingkat produktivitas ekonomi. Penyakit ini menjadi sasaran eliminasi secara global melalui program Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) WHO. Strategi utama untuk mencapai eliminasi yaitu dengan melakukan Pemberian Obat Pencegahan Massal (POPM) atau Mass Drug Administration (MDA) setahun sekali selama minimal lima tahun, dengan keberhasilannya dinilai dari seberapa luas pengobatan dilakukan dan tingkat kepatuhan dalam mengkonsumsi obat. Meskipun cakupan distribusi seringkali tinggi, tingkat kepatuhan yang rendah tetap menjadi tantangan besar di banyak negara endemis, termasuk Indonesia. Tinjauan naratif ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kedua indikator tersebut berdasarkan studi dari tahun 2015 hingga 2025 di Indonesia. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan variasi kepatuhan yang signifikan antar wilayah, dengan tingkat yang relatif tinggi di Jawa Tengah (69,5%–79,5%) namun sangat rendah di beberapa wilayah luar Jawa (misalnya, Sumba Barat Daya hanya 1–2%).  Faktor pendorong utama adalah pengetahuan yang baik, dukungan sosial dan peran aktif kader, serta koordinasi lintas sektor sedangkan, faktor penghambat utama meliputi ketakutan terhadap efek samping obat, kurangnya pengawasan langsung (Directly Observed Treatment / DOT), sosialisasi yang terbatas, dan rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat. Implikasi temuan ini menuntut penyesuaian strategi kebijakan, termasuk penguatan komunikasi risiko, penerapan DOT rumah-ke-rumah, dan inovasi program (misalnya puyer manis untuk anak), serta desentralisasi kebijakan agar intervensi dapat diadaptasi sesuai konteks lokal untuk mencapai target eliminasi filariasis nasional.

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Published

2026-03-31

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): MARET 2026

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Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Revi Aurora Revi Samantha, Aulya Rahmanisa Paramitha Asy’ari, Nasywa Renata Azza, Pinky Yuka Ardana, Rafli Hanif Robbani, Luneta Azaria Nurdewati, Rochmadina Suci Bestari

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