THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OCCUPATION AND BIRTH SPACING WITH CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY (CED) IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY

Authors

  • indah budiarti Politeknik Kesehatan Tanjung Karang
  • Monica Dara Delia Suja Politeknik Kesehatan Tanjung Karang
  • Lely Sulistianingrum Politeknik Kesehatan Tanjung Karang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.54810

Keywords:

CED, employment, birth spacing

Abstract

Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) pada ibu hamil masih merupakan masalah gizi yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan ibu dan perkembangan bayi. Berat badan lahir rendah, anemia, dan masalah kehamilan dapat meningkat kemungkinannya akibat KEK. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana status pekerjaan dan jarak antar kelahiran berhubungan dengan keberadaan KEK pada ibu hamil di Kota Bandar Lampung. Studi kuantitatif ini dilakukan di lima puskesmas di Kota Bandar Lampung menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sebanyak 200 ibu hamil dipilih sebagai sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan kemudian dianalisis secara individual dan berpasangan menggunakan uji chi-square dan metode Odds Ratio (OR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 83 orang (41,5%) mengalami KEK. Jarak antar kelahiran dan kejadian KEK memiliki nilai p = 0,008; OR = 3,00; 95% CI: 1,27–7,10 dan pekerjaan serta kejadian KEK (nilai p = 0,032; OR = 2,11; 95% CI: 1,06–4,19) ditemukan berkorelasi signifikan berdasarkan analisis bivariat. Ibu hamil yang tidak memiliki pekerjaan dan memiliki jarak kelahiran yang tidak ideal lebih mungkin mengalami KEK, Temuan penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang jelas antara faktor pekerjaan, waktu antar kelahiran, dan terjadinya KEK pada ibu hamil. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan program keluarga berencana, pemberdayaan ekonomi perempuan, dan peningkatan pendidikan gizi merupakan langkah pencegahan dan promosi yang diperlukan untuk mengurangi prevalensi KEK di kalangan ibu hamil di Kota Bandar Lampung.

References

Fitriani, D., Astuti, R., & Yuliana, E. (2020). Socioeconomic factors associated with the incidence of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women. Journal of Public Health, 15(2), 123–131.

Handayani, S. (2018). The relationship between employment status and nutritional knowledge of pregnant women. Indonesian Midwifery Journal, 9(1), 45–52.

Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. (2018). Indonesian Health Profile 2017. Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. (2020). Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Pregnant Women. Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.

Lestari, W., & Putri, R. M. (2019). Birth spacing and its risk for CED and anemia in pregnant women. Journal of Reproductive Health, 10(2), 89–97.

Rahman, A., & Sari, D. P. (2019). Occupation and family income factors on CED in pregnant women. Indonesian Nutrition Journal, 7(1), 34–41.

Supariasa, I. D. N., Bakri, B., & Fajar, I. (2016). Nutritional Status Assessment. Jakarta: EGC.

Wulandari, R., Nurhayati, S., & Pratiwi, A. (2020). The relationship between birth spacing and the incidence of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women. Journal of Nutrition and Maternal and Child Health, 4(2), 67–75.

World Health Organization. (2016). WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. Geneva: WHO.

Arisman. (2017). Nutrition in the Life Cycle. Jakarta: EGC.

Notoatmodjo, S. (2014). Health Behavioral Sciences. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Prawirohardjo, S. (2016). Obstetrics. Jakarta: PT Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo.

Sulistyoningsih, H. (2011). Nutrition for Maternal and Child Health. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.

UNICEF. (2019). Improving maternal nutrition: Programming guidance. New York: UNICEF

Downloads

Published

2026-03-31

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): MARET 2026

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 indah budiarti, Monica Dara Delia Suja, Lely Sulistianingrum

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).