OPTIMIZING FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AFTER STROKE THROUGH EARLY NEUROLOGICAL REHABILITATION : AN EVIDENCE BASED LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.54795Keywords:
neuroplastisitas, pemulihan fungsional, rehabilitasi neurologis dini, rehabilitasi multidisiplin, strokeAbstract
Stroke tetap menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kecacatan jangka panjang di seluruh dunia, secara signifikan memengaruhi fungsi motorik, sensorik, kognitif, dan psikososial, serta menimbulkan beban yang besar bagi pasien, keluarga, dan sistem perawatan kesehatan. Rehabilitasi neurologis dini semakin diakui sebagai strategi penting untuk mengoptimalkan pemulihan fungsional setelah stroke dengan memanfaatkan kapasitas neuroplastisitas otak yang meningkat selama fase akut dan subakut awal. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan menganalisis secara kritis bukti terkini mengenai efektivitas rehabilitasi neurologis dini dalam meningkatkan hasil fungsional setelah stroke. Tinjauan komprehensif terhadap studi yang ditinjau sejawat yang diterbitkan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dilakukan, dengan fokus pada intervensi rehabilitasi yang dimulai dalam fase akut dan subakut stroke. Tinjauan tersebut mencakup studi yang meneliti pendekatan multidisiplin seperti fisioterapi, terapi okupasi, terapi bicara dan bahasa, dan pelatihan berorientasi tugas. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa rehabilitasi neurologis dini, terstruktur, dan individual berkontribusi pada peningkatan pemulihan motorik, peningkatan kinerja dalam aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari, pengurangan komplikasi sekunder, masa rawat inap yang lebih pendek, dan kualitas hidup secara keseluruhan yang lebih baik. Lebih lanjut, rehabilitasi dini dikaitkan dengan peningkatan reorganisasi neurologis dan kemandirian fungsional jangka panjang. Tinjauan ini mendukung implementasi rehabilitasi neurologis dini sebagai komponen integral dan berbasis bukti dari manajemen stroke untuk memaksimalkan pemulihan fungsional dan hasil jangka panjang pada penyintas stroke.References
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