ARTIKEL REVIEW : IDENTIFIKASI DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPs) PADA PASIEN CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (CHF)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.54699Keywords:
Congestif Heart Failure, Drug Related Problems, interaksi obat, polifarmasi, manajemen terapiAbstract
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) merupakan suatu kondisi patologis ketika ada gangguan fungsi struktural jantung sehingga tidak mampu memompa darah secara efektif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan oksigen jaringan. Kompleksitas terapi, komorbiditas, serta penggunaan obat dalam jumlah banyak (polifarmasi) menjadikan pasien CHF rentan mengalami Drug-Related Problems (DRP). Artikel review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prevalensi, pola distribusi, faktor penyebab, serta dampak klinis DRP pada pasien CHF berdasarkan berbagai penelitian dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi DRP pada pasien CHF sangat tinggi, berkisar antara 44,5%–97%. Jenis DRP yang paling sering terjadi adalah interaksi obat, diikuti oleh indikasi tanpa obat, ketidaktepatan dosis, dan kebutuhan terapi tambahan yang belum terpenuhi. Obat yang paling berkontribusi terhadap DRP meliputi ACE inhibitor/ARB, beta-blocker, diuretik, MRA, serta antiplatelet–antikoagulan. Faktor risiko utama DRP terdiri dari polifarmasi, usia lanjut, adanya komorbid seperti hipertensi dan penyakit ginjal, serta ketidaksesuaian praktik terapi dengan guideline. DRP terbukti memberikan dampak klinis signifikan berupa peningkatan gejala, rawat ulang, ketidakefektifan terapi, hingga peningkatan mortalitas. Upaya penanganan DRP mencakup medication review, pemantauan fungsi organ dan elektrolit, perbaikan regimen obat, serta intervensi farmasis secara aktif. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa identifikasi dan manajemen DRP pada pasien CHF sangat penting untuk mengoptimalkan keberhasilan terapi dan meningkatkan keselamatan pasien.References
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