DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP POLA INFLUENZA DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.54237Keywords:
Kata kunci: perubahan iklim, influenza, pola penyakit, Indonesia, tropisAbstract
Perubahan iklim global menjadi permasalahan penting dalam kesehatan masyarakat karena berpotensi memengaruhi dinamika penyakit menular, termasuk influenza, melalui perubahan suhu, kelembapan, dan pola curah hujan (Chen et al., 2025; Zain et al., 2024). Indonesia sebagai negara tropis dengan variabilitas iklim yang tinggi menunjukkan karakteristik epidemiologi influenza yang berbeda dibandingkan wilayah subtropic (Nisar et al., 2025; Wodniak et al., 2024). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bukti empiris terkini mengenai dampak perubahan iklim terhadap pola influenza di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah narrative literature review dengan penelusuran artikel pada basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci “influenza”, “climate change”, “temperature”, “humidity”, “rainfall”, dan “Indonesia”. Artikel yang disertakan merupakan publikasi periode 2020–2025, bersifat open access, relevan dengan konteks Indonesia atau Asia Tenggara, serta memiliki metodologi yang jelas (Agustian et al., 2024; Zain et al., 2024). Sebanyak 22 artikel dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa suhu, kelembapan, dan curah hujan berhubungan secara konsisten dengan variasi insidensi influenza di wilayah tropis (Castonguay et al., 2025; Fauzi et al., 2023). Beberapa studi melaporkan peningkatan kasus pada periode curah hujan tinggi, sementara studi lain menemukan puncak kasus pada musim kering atau saat terjadi fluktuasi suhu ekstrem (Murray & Ignaszak, 2025; Rehman et al., 2022.Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perubahan iklim berkontribusi terhadap variasi temporal dan geografis influenza di Indonesia, sehingga integrasi data iklim dan surveilans penyakit dalam kerangka One Health sangat diperlukan untuk memperkuat sistem kewaspadaan dini dan kesiapsiagaan wabah di masa depan (Haider & Hassan, 2025).References
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