PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI IBU MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN KADER PADA BALITA GIZI KURANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.53838Keywords:
Nutrition education, mothers' knowledge, assistance, underweightAbstract
Masalah gizi kurang pada balita, khususnya underweight, masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya pengetahuan gizi ibu sebagai pengasuh utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan pengetahuan gizi ibu setelah pelaksanaan pendampingan kader pada balita underweight di Kelurahan Harapan Baru, Kota Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen semu (quasi-experimental) dengan rancangan pretest–posttest with control group pada 60 ibu balita usia 12–24 bulan yang dibagi kedalam kelompok pendampingan (n=30) dan kelompok kontrol (n=30). Pengetahuan gizi ibu diukur menggunakan kuesioner terstandar sebelum dan sesudah intervensi selama 14 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan gizi meningkat secara signifikan baik pada kelompok pendampingan maupun kelompok kontrol (p<0,001). Skor pengetahuan ibu pada kelompok pendampingan meningkat dari median 17 menjadi 19,5 sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol meningkat dari 14 menjadi 18. Selisih peningkatan pengetahuan antar kedua kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik ((p<0,001). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi gizi yang disertai pendampingan kader, efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi, meskipun peningkatan juga terjadi pada kelompok yang hanya menerima pelayanan posyandu rutin. Oleh karena itu, pendampingan kader berpotensi menjadi strategi pendukung dalam penguatan edukasi gizi balita underweight, namun perlu diintegrasikan dengan intervensi berkelanjutan untuk mendukung perubahan praktik pemberian makanan anak.References
Ade, A. (2020). Pengaruh Penyuluhan Gizi Terhadap Perubahan Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Ibu Dalam Pemberian MP-ASI. Jurnal Ilmu Gizi Indonesia (JIGZI), 1(1), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.57084/jigzi.v1i1.325
Bandura, Albert. (2004). Health Promotion by Social Cognitive Means. Health Education & Behavior, 31(2), 143–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198104263660
Contento.I.R. (2008). Nutrition education : Linking Research, Theory, and Practice. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 17(Suppl 1), 176–179.
Green, L., & Kreuter, M. (2005a). Green LW, Kreuter MW. Health Program Planning: An Educational and Ecological Approach. 4th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.
Green, L., & Kreuter, M. (2005b). Health Program Planning: An Educational And Ecological Approach. ResearchGate.Net.
Kemenkes_R.I. (2024). JUKNIS Pemberian Makanan Tambahan ( PMT) PANGAN LOKAL. Direktorat Jenderal Kesehatan Masyarakat.
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Pedoman Proses Asuhan Gizi Puskesmas. Kementrian Kesehatan R.I.
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2023). PETUNJUK TEKNIS Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Berbahan Pangan Lokal untuk Balita dan Ibu Hamil 2023 613.2 Ind p.
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2025). Survey Status Gizi Indonesia Tahun 2024.
Kuswari, M., Rimbawan, R., Hardinsyah, H., Dewi, M., & Gifari, N. (2021). Effect of tele-exercise versus combination of tele-exercise with tele-counselling on obese office employee’s weight loss. ARGIPA (Arsip Gizi Dan Pangan), 6(2), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.22236/argipa.v6i2.7710
Maehara, M., Rah, J. H., Roshita, A., Suryantan, J., Rachmadewi, A., & Izwardy, D. (2019). Patterns and risk factors of double burden of malnutrition among adolescent girls and boys in Indonesia. PLoS ONE, 14(8), 15–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221273
Mamun, A. Al, Mahmudiono, T., Yudhastuti, R., Triatmaja, N. T., & Chen, H. L. (2023). Effectiveness of Food-Based Intervention to Improve the Linear Growth of Children under Five: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 15(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112430
Maria, P., Bandur, Y., & Madur, J. P. (2025). Effectiveness of Providing Supplementary Food for Stunted Toddlers in Indonesia : A Literature Review. March. https://doi.org/10.20527/dk.v13i1.783
McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., & Glanz, K. (1988). An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs. Health Education Quarterly, 15(4), 351–377.
Meilianingsih, L., & Sari, C. W. M. (2023). Effect of Family-Based Education on Improving Family Health Tasks in Preventing the Transmission of Covid-19. IJNP (Indonesian Journal of Nursing Practices), 7(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.18196/ijnp.v7i1.17130
Mekonen, E. G., Zegeye, A. F., & Workneh, B. S. (2024). Complementary feeding practices and associated factors among mothers of children aged 6 to 23 months in Sub-saharan African countries: a multilevel analysis of the recent demographic and health survey. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17629-w
Nabila, F. H., Fitri, N., & Astuti, W. (2024). Implementation of a Local Food Supplementation Feeding Recovery Program for under-five wasting children in Jelbuk District, Jember Regency. Jurnal Gizi Kerja Dan Produktivitas, 5, 92–100. https://doi.org/10.62870/jgkp.v5i1.25133
Oddo, V. M., Roshita, A., Khan, M. T., Ariawan, I., Wiradnyani, L. A. A., Chakrabarti, S., Izwardy, D., & Rah, J. H. (2022). Evidence-Based Nutrition Interventions Improved Adolescents’ Knowledge and Behaviors in Indonesia. Nutrients, 14(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091717
Pantiawati, I., Murwani, R., Kartini, A., & Afifah, D. N. (2025). WhatsApp-Based Nutrition Telemedicine to Improve Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) of Mothers with Stunted Children in Indonesia. South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), XXVI, 3727–3743.
Rachmah, Q., Astina, J., Atmaka, D. R., & Khairani, L. (2023). The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Theory of Planned Behavior Approach on Complementary Feeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Pediatrics (United Kingdom), 2023. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1086919
Rini, I., Pangestuti, D. R., & Rahfiludin, M. Z. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Pemulihan terhadap Perubahan Status Gizi Balita Gizi Buruk Tahun 2017 (Studi di Rumah Gizi Kota Semarang). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (e-Journal), 5(4), 698–705.
Roshita, A., Schubert, E., & Whittaker, M. (2012). Child-care and feeding practices of urban middle class working and non-working Indonesian mothers: A qualitative study of the socio-economic and cultural environment. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 8(3), 299–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00298.x
Salasa, A. R. (2021). Paradigma dan Dimensi Strategi Ketahanan Pangan Indonesia. Jejaring Administrasi Publik, 13(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.20473/jap.v13i1.29357
Sentika, R., Setiawan, T., Kusnadi, Rattu, D. J., Yunita, I., Masita, B. M., & Basrowi, R. W. (2024). The Importance of Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) Guidelines in Stunting Management in Indonesia: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12222226
Seyyedi, N., Rahimi, B., Eslamlou, H., Afshar, H., Spreco, A., & Timpka, T. (2020). Smartphone-Based Maternal Education for the Complementary Feeding of Undernourished Children. Journal Nutrients, 12(587), 1–12.
Shi, H., Ren, Y., & Jia, Y. (2023). Effects of nutritional interventions on the physical development of preschool children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Translational Pediatrics, 12(5), 991–1003. https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-23-205
Sutriyawan, A., & Nadhira, C. C. (2020). KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI UPT PUSKESMAS CITARIP KOTA BANDUNG. Jurnal Kesmas (Kesehatan Masyarakat) Khatulistiwa, 7(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.29406/jkmk.v7i2.2072
Taruli Rohana Sinaga., dkk. (2022). Gizi Dalam Siklus Kehidupan (A. Karim (ed.); 1 April 20). Yayasan Kita Menulis.
Thompson, B., & Meerman, J. (2014). Towards long-term nutrition security: the role of agriculture in dietary diversity. In Improving diets and nutrition: food-based approaches. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780642994.0246
United Nations Children’s Fund. (2020). Improving Young Children’s Diets During The Complementary Feeding Period. UNICEF Programming Guidance., 76.
WHO. (2013). Guideline. Updates on the management of severe acute malnutrition in infants and children. 115.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Meli Pasiakan, Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
