DAMPAK ANEMIA MATERNAL TERHADAP LUARAN PERSALINAN PREMATUR : TINJAUAN LITERATUR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v7i1.52864Keywords:
ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL, Hemoglobin, Persalinan Prematur, literature reviewAbstract
Anemia pada kehamilan merupakan masalah kesehatan maternal yang sering terjadi dan berhubungan dengan meningkatnya risiko komplikasi obstetri, termasuk persalinan prematur. Persalinan prematur merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelaah bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai hubungan antara anemia maternal dan kejadian persalinan prematur melalui tinjauan literatur terhadap penelitian primer. Literature review ini menganalisis 16 studi primer dengan desain kohort prospektif, kohort retrospektif, kasus–kontrol, dan potong lintang. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan desain penelitian, definisi anemia, waktu pengukuran hemoglobin, serta luaran persalinan prematur. Sebanyak 11 dari 16 studi menunjukkan bahwa anemia maternal, khususnya pada trimester pertama dan kedua, berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko persalinan prematur. Studi dengan pengukuran hemoglobin hanya saat persalinan atau tanpa pengendalian faktor perancu cenderung menunjukkan hasil tidak signifikan. Dengan demikian, anemia maternal merupakan faktor risiko penting terhadap persalinan prematur, sehingga skrining dan penatalaksanaan anemia sejak awal kehamilan perlu diperkuat dalam pelayanan antenatal.References
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