PERAN NUTRISI DAN GAYA HIDUP DALAM PERKEMBANGAN NAFLD : REVIEW BERBASIS EVIDENCE (2023–2025)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i4.52420Keywords:
aktivitas fisik, gaya hidup, NAFLD, penyakit metabolik, pola nutrisiAbstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; kini sering juga disebut MASLD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang tumbuh sejalan dengan peningkatan obesitas dan pola makan modern. Nutrisi dan gaya hidup adalah determinan kunci baik pada inisiasi maupun progresi penyakit. Tujuan literatur review ini adalah memetakan bukti ilmiah terbaru mengenai peran nutrisi dan modifikasi gaya hidup terhadap perkembangan NAFLD pada periode publikasi tahun 2023–2025. Proses penelusuran dilakukan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020 menggunakan tiga basis data utama, yaitu PubMed, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect. Kriteria inklusi ditetapkan untuk memasukkan artikel primer dan tinjauan berbasis evidence yang memuat data empiris mengenai hubungan pola makan, komposisi nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, perilaku gaya hidup, atau intervensi nutrisi terhadap perkembangan maupun perbaikan NAFLD. Jenis studi yang diterima mencakup uji klinis, studi kohort, studi cross-sectional, meta-analisis, serta systematic reviews yang menyediakan data kuantitatif atau sintesis berbasis bukti. Literatur 2023-2025 menunjukkan bahwa kualitas diet dan modifikasi gaya hidup berperan penting dalam mitigasi NAFLD. Pola makan berkualitas dan intervensi diet–exercise terintegrasi menurunkan steatosis dan memperbaiki metabolisme, sementara konsumsi ultra-processed foods meningkatkan risiko melalui lipogenesis, inflamasi, dan disbiosis. Nutraceuticals dan probiotik memberi manfaat tambahan. Peran nutrisi dan gaya hidup menjadi peran utama dalam perkembangan NAFLD seperti pola makan berkulitas, intervansi diet-exercise terintegrasi, intermitten fasting, nutraceuticals dan probiotik.References
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