EFEKTIVITAS INTERVENSI FISIK DAN PSIKOLOGIS UNTUK MENCEGAH PERSALINAN PREMATUR : SCOPING REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i4.51481Keywords:
Persalinan prematur, Pencegahan, Fisik, PsikologisAbstract
Persalinan prematur merupakan penyebab utama kematian neonatal dan anak di bawah usia 5 tahun di seluruh dunia. Penyebab terjadinya persalinan prematur sampai saat ini terus berkembang baik faktor fisik maupun psikologis. Namun intervensi pencegahan maupun penangganan persalinan prematur masih berfokus pada intervensi fisik dan hanya sedikit yang menggunakan intervensi psikologis. Oleh karena itu, strategi pencegahan persalinan prematur memerlukan pemahaman lebih komprehensif pada intervensi medis maupun non medis yang mampu menjangkau faktor fisik dan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi intervensi fisik dan psikologis yang dapat mencegah persalinan prematur. Studi ini mengikuti pedoman PRISMA dengan mencari artikel pada 3 data based mengunakan kata kunci dan kriteria inklusi. Pencarian artikel sesuai ruang lingkup yang disusun mengunakan PCC yaitu Participant: ibu hamil, Concept: pencegahan persalinan prematur, Context: perawatan kehamilan. Hasilnya didapatkan 10 studi yang dianalisis dari sumber data based PubMed, Proquest dan Sciencedirect ditemukan 2 tema sebagai program pencegahan yaitu intervensi fisik dan intervensi psikologis. Pada intervensi fisik dengan tindakan cerlage dan terapi progesteron menunjukan bukti hubungan positif, sedangkan intervensi prilaku menggunakan pelatihan perawatan diri menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dari segi manajemen coping stress pada wanita hamil. Namun untuk kemitraan wanita-bidan memerlukaan penelitian lebih lanjut. Penerapan intervensi fisik yang dikombinasi dengan intervensi psikogis diharapkan mampu mencegah persalinan prematur dengan memperhatikan faktor resiko persalinan prematur agar tepat sasaran.References
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