PROSES ASUHAN GIZI TERSTANDAR PADA PASIEN ANEMIA DENGAN HEMATOCHEZIA DAN HEMOROID
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i3.48309Keywords:
Asuhan gizi, Anemia, hemoroid, hematocheziaAbstract
Anemia adalah kondisi yang mana sel darah merah atau konsentrasi hemoglobin dibawah batas normal (WHO, 2023). Beberapa penelitian mengatakan bahwa anemia seringkali disebabkan oleh kehilangan darah dari lesi di saluran pencernaan pada pria dan wanita pascamenopause. Prevalensi anemia di antara pasien dengan perdarahan gastrointestinal diperkirakan sebesar 61%. Salah satu perdarahan yang seringkali menyebabkan anemia adalah hematochezia. Hematochezia dapat terjadi akibat hemoroid atau wasir. Salah satu upaya perbaikan kondisi pasien anemia dengan hematochezia dan hemorrhoid dilakukan pemberikan asuhan gizi terstandar dengan diet tinggi kalori tinggi protein dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kondisi pasien. Penelitian dilakukan pada Oktober 2023 di RS X Surabaya dan menggunakan jenis penelitian yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data, antara lain data rekam medis pasien (pemeriksaan antropometri, biokimia, dan fisik klinis), 24-hour food recall, dan visual comstock. Pemberian asuhan gizi terstandar dilakukan selama dua hari dengan pemberian makan sebanyak enam kali serta melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap nilai biokimia, fisik dan klinis, asupan zat gizi pada pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pasien berangsur membaik ditandai dengan tidak adanya penurunan nafsu makan, peningkatan kondisi fisik/klinis, dan adanya peningkatan nilai biokimia. Namun, pemenuhan kebutuhan zat besi yang kurang adekuat menyebabkan hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan eritrosit menurun. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa asuhan gizi berupa diet tinggi kalori tinggi protein dapat dilanjutkan dengan memperhatikan pemenuhan zat besi agar kondisi pasien dapat kembali normal.References
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