ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI STATUS GIZI BALITA STUNTING DI WILAYAH LAYANAN KLINIK TURANGGA BIDDOKES POLDA NTT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i3.47165Keywords:
stunting, status gizi, faktor risiko, pendidikan ibu, asi eksklusifAbstract
Stunting merupakan masalah gizi serius di Indonesia, terutama di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), dengan prevalensi mencapai 35,3%. Kondisi ini memiliki dampak jangka panjang terhadap kesehatan dan perkembangan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Klinik Turangga Biddokkes Polda NTT dari 10 November hingga 19 Desember 2024, melibatkan 150 subjek yang terdiri dari 75 balita stunting dan 75 balita sehat. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang telah teruji validitas dan reliabilitasnya, serta pengukuran antropometri untuk menentukan status gizi. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square dan independent t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendidikan ibu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap status gizi balita stunting dengan p-value < 0,05. Status pekerjaan ibu, yang sebagian besar adalah petani dan tidak bekerja, juga berkontribusi pada kejadian stunting dengan odds ratio (OR) sebesar 2.662. Faktor pendapatan keluarga menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat signifikan terhadap status gizi balita dengan OR sebesar 58.39. Pemberian ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan pertama memiliki nilai OR tertinggi yaitu 127.58, menunjukkan dampak besar terhadap pencegahan stunting. Selain itu, berat lahir yang rendah juga berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting (p-value < 0,05). Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang pentingnya intervensi gizi pada ibu hamil dan balita untuk mengurangi prevalensi stunting. Diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi ibu dan akses terhadap makanan bergizi. Dengan memahami faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi pada stunting, diharapkan program intervensi dapat lebih efektif diterapkan untuk meningkatkan status gizi balita di NTT. Penelitian ini juga memberikan dasar bagi pengembangan kebijakan kesehatan di daerah yang memiliki prevalensi stunting tinggi.References
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