Pengaruh Intervensi Probiotik terhadap Indeks Antropometri pada Anak dengan Stunting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i3.46833Keywords:
antropometri, balita, probiotik, stuntingAbstract
Stunting merupakan indikator kekurangan gizi kronis yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat dengan dampak jangka panjang pada tumbuh kembang anak. Intervensi nutrisi komplementer, seperti probiotik yang menargetkan kesehatan usus, kini semakin diminati sebagai strategi untuk mengatasi stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi probiotik terhadap indeks antropometri balita stunting. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi-eksperimental dengan pendekatan pre-test post-test with control group. Sebanyak 70 balita stunting usia 6–23 bulan di Desa Bululawang, Kabupaten Malang, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok (masing-masing n=35). Kelompok intervensi mendapat probiotik (campuran Lactobacillus plantarum dan Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis sebanyak 5×10⁹ CFU/hari dalam bentuk sachet bubuk), sedangkan kelompok kontrol menerima terapi standar. Intervensi berlangsung selama 12 minggu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik dasar kedua kelompok homogen. Setelah 12 minggu, kelompok intervensi mengalami peningkatan signifikan pada Z-score BB/U (dari -2.51 ± 0.78 menjadi -2.15 ± 0.72; p<0.001) dan Z-score TB/U (dari -2.65 ± 0.67 menjadi -2.31 ± 0.59; p<0.001). Kelompok kontrol hanya menunjukkan peningkatan marginal pada Z-score TB/U (p=0.042) dan tidak signifikan untuk Z-score BB/U (p=0.112). Peningkatan rerata Z-score BB/U dan TB/U antar kelompok juga menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0.001). Kesimpulannya, suplementasi probiotik secara signifikan meningkatkan status antropometri balita stunting dan berpotensi menjadi intervensi komplementer yang efektif dalam memperbaiki gizi dan pertumbuhan anak.References
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