DETERMINAN STATUS GIZI PADA LANSIA - STUDI KONTEKSTUAL DI KAMPUNG MUMUGU: LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i3.46662Keywords:
Akses kesehatan, Intervensi gizi, Lansia, Malnutrisi, Status giziAbstract
Kesehatan lansia merupakan isu strategis dalam sistem kesehatan global, terutama di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Lansia di daerah terpencil seperti Kampung Mumugu, Papua, menghadapi tantangan besar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi mereka, yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, budaya, dan geografi. Kondisi ini meningkatkan risiko malnutrisi dan menurunkan kualitas hidup kelompok usia lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor penentu yang memengaruhi status gizi lansia di wilayah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literature review dengan pengumpulan data dari jurnal terverifikasi yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2014 hingga 2024, melalui database seperti Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect. Artikel yang dipilih berfokus pada hubungan faktor sosial, budaya, ekonomi, dan lingkungan terhadap status gizi lansia di daerah 3T (tertinggal, terdepan, terluar), termasuk Papua. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan tematik untuk mengidentifikasi kelas umum, perbedaan, dan kekakuan kontekstual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hambatan utama termasuk akses layanan kesehatan terbatas, tingkat konsumsi makanan yang mendominasi karbohidrat lokal dan rendah protein, serta kepercayaan yang tepat yang memengaruhi pilihan makanan. Faktor sosial seperti keterbatasan ekonomi, pendidikan rendah, dan isolasi sosial juga berkontribusi terhadap status gizi yang kurang optimal. Diskusi menyoroti perlunya intervensi multisektoral yang mempertimbangkan konteks budaya dan geografis agar program pemberdayaan gizi lansia dapat berjalan secara efektif. Kesimpulannya, kondisi unik di Kampung Mumugu menunjuk pendekatan yang spesifik dan berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan status gizi dan kualitas hidup lansia di wilayah terpensil.References
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