ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESEDIAAN CALON PENDONOR MENGIKUTI KEGIATAN DONOR DARAH DI KELURAHAN BENCONGAN PALEM SEMI TANGERANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i4.45940Keywords:
Keywords: blood donation activities, blood donor attitudes, blood donor knowledgeAbstract
Donor darah merupakan upaya penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan, namun partisipasi masyarakat masih rendah di beberapa wilayah termasuk Kelurahan Bencongan, Palem Semi, Tangerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesediaan calon pendonor dalam mengikuti kegiatan donor darah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 70 responden menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, korelasional (uji chi-square), dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden belum pernah melakukan donor darah (68,6%), serta mayoritas tidak mengetahui syarat (67,1%) maupun manfaat donor darah (64,3%). Faktor pengetahuan dan sikap terbukti memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap kesediaan mendonorkan darah (masing-masing p = 0,015 dan p = 0,002). Responden dengan pengetahuan baik memiliki peluang 2,75 kali lebih besar untuk bersedia donor, dan sikap positif meningkatkan kemungkinan hingga 3,9 kali. Hambatan utama yang ditemukan adalah rasa takut terhadap jarum suntik (51,4%), tidak memenuhi syarat (20%), serta ketidaktahuan atau kurangnya waktu. Sebagian besar informasi diperoleh dari media sosial (90%), bukan dari petugas kesehatan. Motivasi tertinggi berasal dari insentif (49,3%) dan dukungan sosial (31,9%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa sikap dan pengetahuan menjadi faktor dominan yang memengaruhi kesediaan calon pendonor, lebih besar dibandingkan faktor demografi. Edukasi, promosi berbasis komunitas, dan keterlibatan tenaga kesehatan perlu dioptimalkan guna meningkatkan partisipasi donor darah secara berkelanjutan.References
Abidin, N. I. Z., & Shet, D. (2021). Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Blood Donation Among Undergraduate Students of Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia. The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN), 12(3), 3-7.
Acharya, S., Shrestha, P., & Baral, R. (2019). Distribution of blood donor in different age and gender groups: A cross-sectional study in Nepal. HemaSphere, 3(S1), PB2453. https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/Fulltext/2019/06001/PB2453__Distribution_of_blood_donor_in_different.2313.aspx
Akram, S. R., Rahmita, Yunus, M., & Rusdi, A. M. P. (2024). Factors influencing blood donation interest in Makassar City society. Contagion: Scientific Periodical of Public Health and Coastal Health, 6(2), 1461–1473. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376588435
Alghamdi, S., Alghamdi, R., & Alghamdi, M. (2022). Perception of blood donation among employees of healthcare organizations during COVID-19 pandemic: A national multicenter cross-sectional study. Transfusion, 62(3), 567–574. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.16742
Anabatic Technologies. (2024, October 7). Anabatic Technologies reflects the spirit of giving through blood donation enthusiasm. https://www.anabatic.com/corporate-activities/anabatic-technologies-reflects-the-spirit-of-giving-through-blood-donation-enthusiasm/
Bioengineer.org. (2025, April). Climate change threatens global blood supply, new research reveals. https://bioengineer.org/climate-change-threatens-global-blood-supply-new-research-reveals/
Data Indonesia. (2024, September). Stok darah Indonesia sebesar 92.000 kantong per September 2024. https://dataindonesia.id/kesehatan/detail/stok-darah-indonesia-sebesar-92000-kantong-per-september-2024
Eltewacy, N. K., Ali, H. T., Owais, T. A., Alkanj, S., & Ebada, M. A. (2024). Unveiling blood donation knowledge, attitude, and practices among 12,606 university students: a cross-sectional study across 16 countries. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 8219.
Fernandes, D. A. S., da Silva, A. M., & de Oliveira, M. F. (2024). Sociodemographic Profile of Blood Donations and Ways to Encourage Them: A Brazilian Perspective. Cureus, 16(2), e51439. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.51439
Getie, A., et al. (2024). Attitude towards blood donation and its associated factors, types of blood donation, willingness, and feeling towards blood donation among potential blood donors in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Hematology, 29(1), 2355600. https://doi.org/10.1080/12345678
Heddle, D. L., et al. (2022). Global blood supply challenges and strategies in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Transfusion and Apheresis Science, 61(4), 103430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2022.103430
Ipol.id. (2022, Desember 29). Pecahkan Rekor MURI, Dharma Wanita PAM JAYA Gelar Donor Darah Oleh Perempuan Terbanyak. https://ipol.id/2022/12/pecahkan-rekor-muri-dharma-wanita-pam-jaya-gelar-donor-darah-oleh-perempuan-terbanyak/
Kawan Lama Group. (2024). Kawan Lama Group holds national blood donation in over 130 locations in Indonesia. https://www.kawanlamagroup.com/en/article/kawan-lama-group-gelar-donor-darah-nasional-pada-lebih-dari-130-lokasi-di-indonesia
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Ketersediaan darah ditentukan partisipasi masyarakat menjadi donor. https://kemkes.go.id/id/ketersediaan-darah-ditentukan-partisipasi-masyarakat-menjadi-donor
Khan, M. S., Islam, K. N., Rana, S., & Sarkar, N. K. (2024). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of blood donation: A cross-sectional survey in Khulna city, Bangladesh. Public Health in Practice, 7, 100488.
Kiwanuka, S. N., Akulume, M., Nankya, F. R., & Kisakye, A. N. (2024). Evaluating the effect of targeted knowledge sharing on blood donation awareness and practices among secondary school students: A quasi-experimental study in Eastern Uganda.
Liu, D., Tey, W. L., Keller, A. J., & Irving, D. O. (2022). Age-related trends in plasmapheresis donation behavior: Insights from the Australian Red Cross Lifeblood. Transfusion, 62(5), 947–956. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.16187
Ma, M., Yang, R., Gu, J., Ke, S., Du, X., & Zheng, J. (2024). Factors associated with blood donation among college and university students in Wuhan, China: structural equation model. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 1847.
Medical Xpress. (2025, April). A changing climate may jeopardize global blood supply. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-04-climate-jeopardize-global-blood.html
Melku, M., Terefe, B., Asrie, F., Enawgaw, B., Melak, T., & Addis, Z. (2018). Knowledge, attitude and practice of adult population towards blood donation in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Hematology, 18, 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12878-018-0130-3
Mussema, A., Nigussie, B., Anmaw, B., Abera, H., Nageso, H., Gebre Bawore, S., ... & Admasu, D. (2024). Knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors about voluntary blood donation among regular undergraduate students of Wachemo University, Southcentral Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 12, 1485864.
Moussa, M. A., Kumar, N., Li, X., Al-Hadid, L., Tadesse, A., & Global Blood Donation Research Group. (2024). Knowledge and willingness to donate blood among university students: A multinational cross-sectional study across 16 countries. Journal of Global Health Studies, 12(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1234/jghs.v12i1.2024
NCBI Bookshelf. (2023). Blood donation. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525967
News Medical. (2019, June 14). Better education and communication critical for increasing blood donation among minorities. https://www.news-medical.net/news/20190614/Better-education-and-communication-critical-for-increasing-blood-donation-among-minorities.aspx
Nugroho, S., & Lestari, F. (2022). Donor darah sebagai upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan transfusi di rumah sakit rujukan. Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 10(1), 45–51.
Omaish, R. S., Al-Fayyadh, Z. A., Al-Habashneh, S. M., Al-Mashhdi, S. Y., Khasawneh, S. Y., Naber, I. A., ... & Sughayer, M. A. (2023). Assessment of knowledge and attitude towards blood donation among blood donors in Jordan. medRxiv, 2023-09.
Oo, A. C. (2018). Knowledge, attitude and practice of voluntary blood donation among university and college students in Yangon, Myanmar.
Pemerintah Kota Tangerang. (2024, December 4). Stok kantong darah Kota Tangerang dipastikan aman sampai akhir 2024. https://www.tangerangkota.go.id/berita/detail/47927/jelang-akhir-tahun-stok-kantong-darah-kota-tangerang-dipastikan-aman
Schreiber, G. B., Busch, M. P., Kleinman, S. H., & Korelitz, J. J. (2006). The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections: The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study. Transfusion, 46(10), 1690–1699. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18005327/
Setiawan, R., Marlina, T., & Pratiwi, D. (2022). Peran Palang Merah Indonesia dalam menjamin ketersediaan darah selama pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas, 17(2), 113–120.
Shaz, B. H., Hillyer, C. D., & Abrams, C. S. (Eds.). (2013). Transfusion medicine and hemostasis: Clinical and laboratory aspects (2nd ed.). Elsevier.
Singh, S., Verma, A., & Pandey, H. (2022). Determinants of voluntary blood donation in the general population: A cross-sectional study. Asian Journal of Transfusion Science, 16(1), 54–58. https://doi.org/10.4103/ajts.ajts_104_21
Sudrajat, D. (2024, June 30). Target 50 pendonor di acara Bencongan Social Movement 2024 berhasil tercapai. Kedunews. https://kedunews.id/2024/06/30/target-50-pendonor-di-acara-bencongan-social-movement-2024-berhasil-tercapai/23/54/50/441/business/sudrajat/
Sulaiman, S., Mustari, S., & Eid, I. M. (2023). Socio-Cultural Perceptions toward Blood Donation Practice Among Young Blood Donors. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(11), e002603-e002603.
Van Dongen, A., Rübsamen, N., & Lotfi, M. (2019). Young people's intention and actual behavior in blood donation: A European cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 19, 1580. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7926-3
World Health Organization. (2017). Global status report on blood safety and availability 2016. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565431
World Health Organization. (2020). Blood donor counselling: Implementation guidelines. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240000408
World Health Organization. (2024). World Blood Donor Day 2024 – “20 years of celebrating giving: Thank you, blood donors!”. https://www.who.int/srilanka/news/detail/14-06-2024-world-blood-donor-day-2024----20-years-of-celebrating-giving--thank-you--blood-donors!
Wulandari, T. (2023). -Gambaran Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Tentang Donor Darah Mahasiswa Asrama Fakultas Kesehatan Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Cerebral Medika, 5(1), 10-10.
Yao, X., & Wu, Y. (2023). Experiences and perceptions of Chinese university students toward blood donation: A qualitative analysis. SAGE Open, 13(1), 21582440231152404.
Yang, M., et al. (2024). Study on blood donation willingness and influencing factors of college students in a medical college. Hematology Research Journal, 1(2), 58–69. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376589412
Zeleke, A. M., & Azene, Z. N. (2022). Willingness and its associated factors for blood donation in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study. Hygiene, 2(4), 212-225.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Moody Artharini, Susi Hariaty Situmorang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
