DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI WANITA PADA MASA KEHAMILAN: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i2.45472Keywords:
kehamilan, kesehatan reproduksi, panas ekstrem, perubahan iklim, suhu ekstremAbstract
Kondisi perubahan iklim yang semakin parah menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat, termasuk kesehatan reproduksi wanita hamil. Paparan suhu ekstrem, baik panas maupun dingin, dan polusi udara akibat dampak perubahan iklim selama kehamilan terbukti dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi seperti preeklamsia, kelahiran prematur, serta gangguan tumbuh kembang janin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dampak perubahan iklim terhadap kesehatan reproduksi wanita pada masa kehamilan. Peneliti menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan menganalisis 10 literatur yang dipublikasikan dalam lima tahun terakhir dari berbagai sumber seperti, Pubmed, Sciencedirect, dan Scopus. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa perubahan iklim yang mengakibatkan perubahan suhu ekstrem, baik panas maupun dingin dapat meningkatkan berbagai risiko gangguan kehamilan. Risiko tertinggi terjadi pada trimester pertama dan ketiga, yang meliputi keguguran, stillbirth, hipertensi kehamilan, gangguan metabolik dan infeksi. Perubahan iklim juga berdampak pada ketahanan pangan, yang mempengaruhi status gizi ibu hamil di daerah pedesaan dan negara berkembang. Dampak ini diperparah dengan terbatasnya akses layanan kesehatan dan pendidikan yang banyak terjadi di negara berkembang. Selain itu, stres akibat suhu tinggi ikut mempengaruhi kesehatan mental ibu dan menurunkan kapasitas dalam merawat bayi. Diperlukan integrasi kebijakan iklim dan kesehatan reproduksi, edukasi publik, sistem peringatan dini, serta penguatan pelayanan kesehatan adaptif terhadap perubahan iklim, khususnya di negara berkembang.References
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Copyright (c) 2025 Yunanda Patrika Siwi, Yunanda Patrika Siwi, Zaky Faza Afrizal, Gita Hilda Numberi, Colti Sistiarani, Lu’lu Nafisah
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