PERAN LATIHAN FISIK INTENSITAS SEDANG DAN TINGGI TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF DAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PADA DEWASA MUDA : LITERATURE RIVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i2.45291Keywords:
dewasa muda, fungsi kognitif, intensitas latihan, kecemasan, latihan fisikAbstract
Fungsi kognitif pada dewasa muda sangat penting dalam menunjang aktivitas sehari-hari, namun sering terganggu oleh peningkatan kecemasan akibat tekanan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh intensitas latihan fisik terhadap fungsi kognitif dan kecemasan pada dewasa muda. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dengan pencarian di basis data PubMed dan ScienceDirect pada artikel tahun 2020–2025. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian kuantitatif yang membahas latihan fisik intensitas sedang, fungsi kognitif, serta kecemasan pada dewasa muda. Dari proses seleksi, diperoleh 10 artikel yang dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa latihan fisik, terutama dengan intensitas tinggi (HIIT), efektif meningkatkan fungsi kognitif seperti fleksibilitas kognitif dan kecepatan pemrosesan, serta menurunkan gejala kecemasan. Latihan aerobik intensitas sedang juga terbukti meningkatkan konektivitas otak dan suasana hati positif. Efek latihan lebih signifikan pada individu dengan gaya hidup sedentari. Mekanisme yang mendasari melibatkan peningkatan aliran darah otak, pelepasan neurotransmiter positif, dan neuroplastisitas di hipokampus. Kesimpulan: latihan fisik dengan intensitas sedang hingga tinggi merupakan intervensi non-farmakologis yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kesehatan kognitif dan emosional pada dewasa muda, dengan HIIT menawarkan manfaat yang lebih besar terutama bagi yang kurang aktif secara fisik. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengembangan program kesehatan yang menargetkan peningkatan kualitas hidup dewasa muda melalui aktivitas fisik yang teratur dan terukur.References
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