EFEKTIVITAS DAUN PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA) TERHADAP LARVASIDA AEDES AEGYPTI : LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i2.44710Keywords:
Nyamuk, Aedes Aegypti, demam berdarah dengue, caricaAbstract
Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit tropis yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Meningkatnya kasus dan belum tersedianya pengobatan yang benar-benar efektif mendorong penelitian terhadap alternatif terapi dan pengendalian vektor yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu tanaman yang banyak diteliti dalam konteks ini adalah Carica papaya. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas berbagai bagian dari tanaman pepaya, seperti daun, biji, dan kulit buah, dalam meningkatkan jumlah trombosit penderita DBD serta sebagai larvasida alami terhadap Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA, menelaah tujuh studi dari berbagai database ilmiah. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya secara signifikan meningkatkan jumlah trombosit dan leukosit pasien DBD serta mempercepat pemulihan. Di sisi lain, ekstrak daun, biji, dan kulit pepaya menunjukkan efektivitas larvasidal tinggi dengan tingkat kematian larva yang meningkat seiring peningkatan konsentrasi. Selain itu, kulit pepaya memiliki potensi sebagai atraktan dalam strategi pengendalian vektor berbasis perilaku. Kesimpulannya, Carica papaya merupakan kandidat kuat untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai terapi adjuvan dan agen pengendalian vektor alami dalam penanggulangan DBD.References
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