PERBANDINGAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH SWEDIA DAN JEPANG: SEBUAH TINJAUAN SEBAGAI SOLUSI PERMASALAHAN SAMPAH DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i1.42363Keywords:
Indonesia, Jepang, pengelolaan sampah, SwediaAbstract
Pengelolaan sampah adalah tantangan global yang semakin kompleks. Di Indonesia sendiri permasalahan sampah masih terus berlangsung. Sebanyak ribuan ton sampah dibiarkan menggunung setiap harinya di tempat pembuangan akhir. Tidak hanya menyebabkan ketidakestetikaan, sampah juga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran udara, air, tanah dan meningkatkan kasus penyakit akibat lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mambandingkan praktik pengelolaan sampah di Swedia dan Jepang lalu mengidentifikasi strategi apa saja yang dapat diterapkan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah tinjauan literatur dengan database Scopus. Jumlah literatur yang berhasil dikumpulkan sebanyak 22 jurnal yang dipilih dengan kriteria seleksi yang terdiri dari artikel diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun terakhir, berbahasa Inggris, dan memiliki akses terbuka. Hasil menunjukkan Swedia telah menerapakan konsep ekonomi sirkular dengan memfokuskan aspek reparasi, daur ulang dan pengurangan sampah. Sedangkan Jepang mengintegrasikan edukasi terkait pengelolaan sampah kedalam pendidikan dan menerapkan sistem pemilahan sampah yang ketat dari sumbernya. Dibandingkan kedua negara maju tersebut, Indonesia masih memiliki beberapa kendala terutama pada aspek implementasi kebijakan, kesadaran masyarakat yang cukup rendah serta teknologi yang belum maju. Indonesia dapat mengadaptasi beberapa strategi dari Swedia dan Jepang seperti peningkatan edukasi kesadaran masyarakat, penguatan regulasi berbasis insentif dan kerjasama bersama perusahaan komersial. Dengan implementasi yang tepat, diharapkan Indonesia dapat mewujudkan sistem pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan, efisien dan efektif di masa depan.References
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