PERBEDAAN EFEK NIKOTIN PADA ROKOK DAN VAPE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN TEKANAN DARAH : LITERATURE REVIEW

Authors

  • Fahreza Albar Mulyadi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
  • Afrita Amalia Laitupa Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
  • Muslim Andala Putra Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
  • Irma Kartikasari RSUD dr. Soegiri Lamongan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.14713

Keywords:

Cigarettes smoker, electronic cigarettes smoker, nicotine, blood pressure

Abstract

Merokok dengan kandungan nikotin merupakan penyebab kematian dini di seluruh dunia. Nikotin berperan sebagai obat sympathomimetic dan meningkatan aktivitas simpatik yang berkorelasi peningkatan tekanan darah dan risiko penyakit jantung. Tujuan review studi ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan membuat kesimpulan berdasarkan temuan riset yang membahas tentang perbedaan efek nikotin pada rokok dan vape terhadap peningkatan tekanan darah. Metode menggunakan literature review dari hasil penelitian tahun 2012-2022 yang sudah terpublikasi di media elektronik seperti PubMed. 20 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Rokok dan vape dapat meningkatkan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik. Terdapat perbedaan peningkatan tekanan darah yang signifikan atau tidak signifikan pada rokok dan vape antar studi, masih belum diketahui secara pasti bagaimana hal tersebut bisa terjadi walaupun keduanya mengandung nikotin. Simpulannya yaitu peningkatan tekanan darah akibat rokok ditemukan lebih tinggi dibanding vape pada 12 dari 20 literatur, dengan 8 literatur yang hanya membahas peningkatan tekanan darah khusus vape. Hasil analisis penulis berpendapat ada beberapa penyebab yang memungkinkan terjadinya peningkatan tekanan darah yang lebih tinggi pada rokok dibanding vape, antara lain, konstituen non-nikotin lain pada rokok, farmakokinetik rokok yang berbeda dengan vape sehingga retensi nikotin lebih rendah pada vape, metode intervensi hisapan yang berbeda, populasi, dan jenis vape atau rokok yang digunakan.  

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Published

2023-06-02

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): JUNI 2023

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Copyright (c) 2023 Fahreza Albar Mulyadi, Afrita Amalia Laitupa, Muslim Andala Putra, Irma Kartikasari

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