HUBUNGAN SCREEN TIME, AKTIVITAS FISIK, POLA KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERPEMANIS, DAN ASUPAN ENERGI DENGAN STATUS GIZI LEBIH PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i3.30733Keywords:
aktivitas fisik, gizi lebih, minuman berpemanis, screen timeAbstract
Masalah gizi lebih dan obesitas pada anak merupakan tantangan kesehatan global yang signifikan, dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat. Anak sekolah dasar adalah kelompok usia dengan beragam masalah gizi, termasuk gizi lebih. Adaptasi perkembangan teknologi yang masif menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas fisik, peningkatan asupan energi, serta peningkatan screen time dan konsumsi minuman berpemanis pada anak sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara screen time, aktivitas fisik, pola konsumsi minuman berpemanis, dan asupan energi dengan gizi lebih pada siswa MI Kahasri Kota Probolinggo. Penelitian dengan desain scross sectional ini melibatkan populasi sebanyak 174 siswa dari kelas IV dan V. Besar sampel adalah 67 orang yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengukuran tinggi badan dan berat badan serta wawancara menggunakan kuesioner SCREENS-Q, PAQ-C, dan SQ-FFQ. Analisis hubungan antar variabel dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi gizi lebih di MI Kahasri Kota Probolinggo sebesar 46,3%. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara screen time (p=0,017), aktivitas fisik (p=0,001), asupan minuman berpemanis (p=0,006), frekuensi konsumsi minuman berpemanis (p=0,018), dan asupan energi (p=0,003) dengan status gizi lebih. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa screen time, aktivitas fisik, pola konsumsi minuman berpemanis, dan asupan energi berhubungan secara signifikan dengan status gizi lebih pada anak sekolah dasar. Orang tua dan pihak sekolah diharapkan berperan aktif dalam upaya penurunan screen time dan konsumsi minuman berpemanis, peningkatan aktivitas fisik, dan penerapan pola makan yang sehat pada siswa.References
Annisa, F. (2021). Perbandingan Berat Badan Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri dan Swasta di Jakarta Selatan. Caring: Jurnal Keperawatan, 10(2), 136–144.
Ayogu, R. N. B., Oshomegie, H., & Udenta, E. A. (2022). Energy intake, expenditure and balance, and factors associated with energy balance of young adults (20–39 years): a retrospective cross-sectional community-based cohort study. BMC Nutrition, 8(1).
Balasundaram, P., & Krishna, S. (2023). Obesity Effects on Child Health. StatPearls Publishing.
Bhutta, Z. A., et al. (2023). The global challenge of childhood obesity and its consequences: what can be done? The Lancet Global Health, 11(8), e1172–e1173.
Costa, D., Warkentin, S., & Oliveira, A. (2022). Sugar-sweetened beverages, effects on appetite and public health strategies to reduce the consumption among children: a review. Porto Biomedical Journal, 7(1), e172.
Fang, K., Mu, M., Liu, K., & He, Y. (2019). Screen time and childhood overweight/obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Child: Care, Health and Development, 45(5), 744–753.
Gan, Q., et al. (2021). Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption status and its association with childhood obesity among chinese children aged 6–17 years. Nutrients, 13(7).
Grace, G. A., Edward, S., & Gopalakrishnan, S. (2021). A case control study on physical activity and obesity among adolescent children in an urban area of Tamilnadu. National Journal of Community Medicine, 12(11), 345–349. https://doi.org/10.5455/njcm.20211004072638
Hall, K. D., et al. (2022). The energy balance model of obesity: beyond calories in, calories out. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 115(5), 1243–1254.
Irvine, V., et al. (2020). Factors Influencing the Early Introduction of Sugar Sweetened Beverages among Infants: Findings from the HSHK Birth Cohort Study. Nutrients, 12(11), 3343.
Jensen, M. L., Dillman Carpentier, F. R., Corvalán, C., Popkin, B. M., Evenson, K. R., Adair, L., & Taillie, L. S. (2022). Television viewing and using screens while eating: Associations with dietary intake in children and adolescents. Appetite, 168, 105670.
Kaul, A., et al. (2023). Association of Screen Time Usage and Physical Activity With Overweight and Obesity Among School-Going Children in Uttar Pradesh. Cureus, 15(10).
Kazmi, T., et al. (2022). Relationship Between Physical Inactivity and Obesity in the Urban Slums of Lahore. Cureus, 14(4), 1–8.
Kemenkes RI. (2019). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Khoiroh, M., Muniroh, L., Atmaka, D. R., & Arini, S. Y. (2022). Hubungan Obesitas Sentral, Durasi Tidur, Dan Tingkat Kecukupan Energi Dengan Kelelahan Pada Pekerja Wanita Di Pt Galaxy Surya Panelindo. Media Gizi Indonesia, 17(2), 106–114.
Klakk, H., et al. (2020). The development of a questionnaire to assess leisure time screen-based media use and its proximal correlates in children (SCREENS-Q). BMC Public Health, 20(1), 664.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Aida Bella Sukma
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
